UPSC Prelims Practice Questions — Why does EU want Google to open up Android to AI rivals?
Q1. Which one of the following is the European Union's flagship ex-ante regulation specifically targeting designated 'gatekeeper' digital platforms, under which the European Commission's April 2026 draft remedies against Google Android were issued?
- A. Digital Markets Act (DMA)
- B. Digital Services Act (DSA)
- C. General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
- D. EU Artificial Intelligence Act
Q2. As per the procedure followed for the European Commission's April 2026 preliminary findings against Google's Android–Gemini integration, within how many months from the opening of the proceedings must a final binding decision be adopted?
- A. 3 months
- B. 6 months
- C. 12 months
- D. 18 months
Q3. In the context of the European Commission's April 2026 action against Google under the Digital Markets Act, the term 'self-preferencing' refers to which one of the following?
- A. A gatekeeper platform favouring its own products or services over those of competing third parties on the platform it controls.
- B. A platform's right to retain user-generated content for training its proprietary AI models without separate consent.
- C. A telecom operator giving preferential network bandwidth to its own streaming subsidiary under net-neutrality exemptions.
- D. A regulator giving domestic firms preference over foreign firms in public procurement of digital services.
Q4. The Digital Markets Act, which provides the legal basis for the European Commission's April 2026 draft remedies requiring Google to open Android to rival AI services, was adopted and came into full enforcement respectively in which of the following years?
- A. Adopted in 2018; full enforcement in 2020
- B. Adopted in 2020; full enforcement in 2022
- C. Adopted in 2022; full enforcement in 2024
- D. Adopted in 2024; full enforcement in 2026