UPSC Prelims Practice Questions — India, Germany sign pact to shore up defence industrial cooperation

Q1. With reference to the agreements/Joint Declarations of Intent exchanged during the visit of German Chancellor Friedrich Merz to India in January 2026, consider the following sectors: 1. Defence Industrial Cooperation Roadmap 2. Semiconductor ecosystem partnership 3. Critical Minerals cooperation 4. Civil Nuclear Energy cooperation Which of the above is/are correctly identified as sectors covered by the MoUs/Declarations signed during the visit?

  1. Defence Industrial Cooperation Roadmap
  2. Semiconductor ecosystem partnership
  3. Critical Minerals cooperation
  4. Civil Nuclear Energy cooperation
  • A. 1 and 2 only
  • B. 1, 2 and 3 only
  • C. 2, 3 and 4 only
  • D. 1, 2, 3 and 4

Q2. With reference to the outcomes of the January 2026 visit of German Chancellor Friedrich Merz to India, consider the following: 1. A Joint Declaration of Intent on Defence Industrial Cooperation Roadmap 2. MoU on cooperation in telecommunications 3. Agreement on civil nuclear energy cooperation 4. MoU on migration/recruitment of skilled professionals Which of the above is/are NOT correctly identified as outcomes of this visit?

  1. A Joint Declaration of Intent on Defence Industrial Cooperation Roadmap
  2. MoU on cooperation in telecommunications
  3. Agreement on civil nuclear energy cooperation
  4. MoU on migration/recruitment of skilled professionals
  • A. 3 only
  • B. 1 and 3 only
  • C. 3 and 4 only
  • D. 2 and 3 only

Q3. How many MoUs/agreements were exchanged between India and Germany during the visit of Chancellor Friedrich Merz to India on 12-13 January 2026?

  • A. 9
  • B. 14
  • C. 19
  • D. 24

Q4. With reference to how the January 2026 Modi-Merz summit advanced India-Germany ties compared to the framework that existed before it, consider the following statements: 1. The summit upgraded the 2024 Joint Declaration of Intent into a full Defence Industrial Cooperation Roadmap. 2. A new bilateral consultation mechanism specifically on the Indo-Pacific was announced for the first time. 3. The summit replaced the Inter-Governmental Consultations (IGC) mechanism with a fresh Heads-of-Government dialogue, since the IGC had earlier operated only at the ministerial level. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. The summit upgraded the 2024 Joint Declaration of Intent into a full Defence Industrial Cooperation Roadmap.
  2. A new bilateral consultation mechanism specifically on the Indo-Pacific was announced for the first time.
  3. The summit replaced the Inter-Governmental Consultations (IGC) mechanism with a fresh Heads-of-Government dialogue, since the IGC had earlier operated only at the ministerial level.
  • A. 1 and 2 only
  • B. 2 and 3 only
  • C. 1 and 3 only
  • D. 1, 2 and 3

Q5. The agreement on 'Strengthening the Bilateral Defence Industrial Cooperation' signed during the January 2026 Modi-Merz summit was concluded on the Indian side by which one of the following?

  • A. Ministry of External Affairs
  • B. Ministry of Defence
  • C. Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)
  • D. Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT)