UPSC Prelims Practice Questions — Cybercrime and a global governance crisis

Q1. The 'Hanoi Convention', recently in the news, refers to which one of the following?

  • A. A United Nations treaty on the prevention and combating of cybercrime
  • B. An ASEAN-led framework agreement on transboundary haze pollution
  • C. A multilateral pact among Mekong basin states on plastic pollution
  • D. A UNESCO instrument on safeguarding intangible cultural heritage in Southeast Asia

Q2. How many ratifications are required for the United Nations Convention against Cybercrime (2024) to enter into force?

  • A. 20
  • B. 30
  • C. 40
  • D. 60

Q3. The United Nations Convention against Cybercrime, the first global criminal justice treaty in over two decades, was adopted in December 2024 under the authority of which one of the following?

  • A. UN Security Council acting under Chapter VII of the UN Charter
  • B. UN General Assembly through resolution 79/243
  • C. UN Economic and Social Council on the recommendation of the CCPCJ
  • D. Conference of the Parties to the Budapest Convention on Cybercrime

Q4. Which one of the following is described by the UN Secretary-General as the first comprehensive global criminal justice treaty adopted under the United Nations in more than twenty years?

  • A. Council of Europe Convention on Cybercrime (Budapest Convention)
  • B. United Nations Convention against Cybercrime (Hanoi Convention)
  • C. United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (Palermo Convention)
  • D. United Nations Convention against Corruption (Merida Convention)

Q5. Which United Nations entity serves as the secretariat for the United Nations Convention against Cybercrime (2024) and hosted its Ad Hoc Committee negotiations?

  • A. United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC)
  • B. International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
  • C. United Nations Office of Counter-Terrorism (UNOCT)
  • D. United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs (UNODA)