Year-end review 2025: Ministry of Corporate Affairs

• MCA is the nodal ministry administering the Companies Act, 2013, LLP Act, 2008, Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC), 2016, and the Competition Act, 2002.
• 2025 review headlines: enhanced small company thresholds, C-PACE easier closure for govt companies, triennial abridged KYC, fast-track M&A widening, IEPFA Integrated Portal, MCA21 V3 roll-out, and 1,300 IBC resolution plans approved.
• UPSC relevance: Ease of Doing Business (EoDB), corporate governance, IBC outcomes, investor protection — all recurring GS-II/GS-III themes.