Department of Legal Affairs, Ministry of Law and Justice: Year End Report 2025

• Department of Legal Affairs (DLA) is one of the three arms of the Ministry of Law and Justice (alongside the Legislative Department and Department of Justice); it advises the Union on legal matters, conducts litigation for the GoI, and administers arbitration policy.
• The 2025 Year-End Report flags a flagship governance instrument — the Directive for Efficient & Effective Management of Litigation (4 April 2025) — meant to operationalise the government's "litigation-as-policy" agenda.
• Relevant for UPSC GS-II (Governance, Polity, Statutory bodies) and Mains essays on judicial pendency / Ease of Doing Business via arbitration reform.