Supercomputer simulation of ice formation gives evidence of paradoxical phenomenon of water

• Mpemba effect = paradoxical phenomenon where hotter water freezes faster than colder water, eluding rigorous proof for centuries.
• Indian scientists at JNCASR (Bengaluru), an autonomous institute of DST, produced the first supercomputer simulation of ice formation validating the effect, published in Communications Physics (Nature group).
• UPSC relevance: GS-III (Sci-Tech indigenous R&D), Prelims (institutions, phenomena, scientists), and as a high-yield current-affairs item for January 2026.