Mission 100% Electrification: Powering the Future of Indian Railways

• Mission 100% Electrification is Indian Railways' (IR) flagship programme to electrify the entire Broad Gauge (BG) network, replacing diesel traction to enable a Net Zero Carbon Emitter by 2030 trajectory.
• By November 2025, IR had electrified ~99.2% of its network (69,427 RKM), making it among the world's most extensively electrified rail systems.
• Relevant for UPSC as a convergence of infrastructure, climate commitments (Panchamrit/NDCs), energy transition, and Make-in-India.