INDIA ADOPTS A DEVELOPMENT-CENTRED, WHOLE-OF-ECONOMY CLIMATE STRATEGY: INTEGRATES ADAPTATION, MITIGATION AND BEHAVIOURAL CHANGE WITHIN ITS DEVELOPMENT MODEL, SAYS ECONOMIC SURVEY 2025-26

• Economic Survey 2025-26 (Ministry of Finance, DEA) frames India's climate policy as a whole-of-economy, development-centred strategy integrating adaptation, mitigation and behavioural change.
• Positions adaptation as central, treats development itself as adaptation, and links mitigation with energy security via renewables, nuclear, green hydrogen, battery storage and critical minerals.
• High-yield UPSC topic spanning GS-III (environment, economy, energy) and GS-II (international institutions — UNFCCC, climate finance).