e-SHRAM CARDS FOR UNORGANIZED WORKERS

• e-Shram portal is a self-declaration based National Database of Unorganised Workers (NDUW) seeded with Aadhaar, issuing a 12-digit Universal Account Number (UAN) and e-Shram card.
• Launched by the Ministry of Labour & Employment on 26 August 2021; world's largest database of unorganised workers.
• UPSC relevance: GS-II (welfare schemes for vulnerable sections, social security) and GS-III (employment, informal economy).