MONETIZATION OF ENEMY PROPERTIES LOCATED IN INDIA

• Enemy Property = any property left behind in India by persons who took citizenship of Pakistan or China post 1947/1962/1965 wars, vested in the Custodian of Enemy Property for India (CEPI) under MHA.
• Governed by the Enemy Property Act, 1968 (amended 2017) — empowers CEPI to dispose of/monetise such assets via Section 8A.
• Significance for UPSC: intersects GS-II (Polity/governance), GS-III (economy, internal security), and GS-I (Partition history); recurrent Prelims fodder on Acts, ministries, and amendments.