India has signed MoU / agreements with 23 countries for cooperation on Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI)

• India has signed MoUs/agreements with 23 countries for cooperation on India Stack / Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI), anchored by the Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology (MeitY).
• Cooperation spans digital identity, digital payments, data exchange, and service delivery platforms — the core layers of India Stack.
• UPI is now live in 8+ countries (UAE, Singapore, Bhutan, Nepal, Sri Lanka, France, Mauritius, Qatar), making India the global benchmark in real-time retail payments.
• Examinable as DPI diplomacy / techno-strategic outreach under GS-II (IR) and GS-III (Economy, S&T).