MEASURES TO PROMOTE AFFORDABLE HOUSING

• Affordable housing = housing for EWS/LIG/MIG households in urban India, anchored in the constitutional goal of adequate shelter and SDG-11 (sustainable cities).
• Driven by MoHUA's PMAY-U 2.0 (flagship scheme) and the NITI Aayog "Comprehensive Framework to Promote Affordable Housing" released December 2025.
• UPSC relevance: GS-II (welfare schemes, governance) and GS-III (urbanisation, infra, inclusive growth).