PARLIAMENT QUESTION: DEEP TECH STARTUP POLICY

• Deep-tech startups are science/engineering-intensive ventures (quantum, AI, robotics, space, biotech, advanced materials) requiring long gestation, high capex, and frontier R&D — distinct from consumer/SaaS startups.
• Government strategy rests on three pillars: the National Deep Tech Startup Policy (NDTSP) framework, the Anusandhan National Research Foundation (ANRF), and the ₹1 lakh crore Research, Development & Innovation (RDI) Scheme.
• High UPSC salience under GS-III (Science & Tech, Economy) — recurrently asked as Parliament Question and linked to Atmanirbhar Bharat and Viksit Bharat 2047.