Record Coal Production from Captive/Commercial & Other Mines

• India's non-Coal India Limited (non-CIL) segment — captive, commercial and "other" mines — crossed 200 Million Tonnes (MT) of annual coal output for the first time in FY 2025–26.
• Marks the maturing of the 2020 commercial coal mining reform that ended CIL's near-monopoly and opened the sector to private players.
• Examinable for GS-III (Energy, Mineral Resources) and Prelims (schemes, Acts, auction tranches, ministry).