Measures taken to Increase Availability of Doctors

• India's doctor–population ratio is estimated at 1:811 (assuming 80% availability), better than the WHO norm of 1:1000, counting both allopathic and AYUSH practitioners.
• Topic covers a basket of supply-side measures by the Union Ministry of Health & Family Welfare (MoHFW) — seat expansion, financial incentives, rural posting reforms, and curricular changes — to address the rural–urban and specialist–generalist skew in human resources for health.
• Examinable for GS-II (Health, Welfare Schemes) and GS-III (Human Resources); cross-links with NMC Act, 2019 and the Centrally Sponsored Schemes (CSS) on medical education.