LAUNCH OF PUBLIC CHARIGING INFRASTRUCTURE

• Public Charging Stations (PCS) are the backbone of India's EV transition; their density determines EV adoption beyond early-adopter cities.
• Implemented primarily by the Ministry of Heavy Industries (MHI) under FAME-II and the successor PM E-DRIVE scheme; the regulatory framework is set by the Ministry of Power.
• Relevant for UPSC GS-III (Infrastructure, Energy, Environment) — overlaps with climate commitments, oil-import dependency, and Make-in-India.