Record Food and Horticulture output amid Declining Average Landholdings

• India is registering record foodgrain (357.7 MT, 2024-25) and horticulture (369.1 MT, 2024-25) output even as the average operational landholding has shrunk to 1.08 ha (Agri Census 2015-16).
• The paradox tests aspirants on productivity vs. land fragmentation, the role of input-led intensification, and central schemes like PM-RKVY, Krishonnati Yojana, PM-KISAN, PMFBY, MIDH.
• Maps to GS-III (Agriculture, Food Security, Land Reforms) and to Economic Survey themes on rural distress and productivity.