India’s Cold Water Fisheries Emerging as a Key Pillar of the Blue Economy

• Cold-water fisheries = aquaculture/capture in snow-fed Himalayan & hill ecosystems with water temperature 5–25°C, DO >6 mg/L, pH 6.5–8.0; flagship species: rainbow trout, golden mahseer, snow trout.
• Positioned by GoI as an emerging pillar of the Blue Economy linking livelihoods, nutrition, eco-tourism and sustainable mountain development.
• Examinable across GS-III (economy/agriculture/environment) and GS-I (geography of Himalayan resources).