India’s Biodiversity: Commitments and Achievements

• India is one of 17 megadiverse countries, party to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and the Nagoya Protocol, with biodiversity governance organised through a three-tier structure: NBA (national), SBBs/UTBCs (state), BMCs (local).
• Operationalised under the Biological Diversity Act, 2002, amended in 2023 (in force from 1 April 2024).
• Aligns domestic action with the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (KMGBF) via an updated NBSAP (Oct 2024) carrying 23 National Biodiversity Targets and 142 indicators.