UPSC Prelims Practice Questions — Cabinet approves extension of Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM) period up to December 2028 with enhanced outlay and restructured implementation focusing on structural reforms in rural drinking water supply sector under JJM 2.0

Q1. With reference to the launch of the Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM) in 2019, consider the following: 1. It was launched on 15 August 2019. 2. Its original target was to provide a Functional Household Tap Connection to every rural household by 2024. 3. At the time of its launch, more than half of all rural households already had tap water connections. 4. It was announced by the Prime Minister from the ramparts of the Red Fort. Which of the above is/are correctly identified?

  1. It was launched on 15 August 2019.
  2. Its original target was to provide a Functional Household Tap Connection to every rural household by 2024.
  3. At the time of its launch, more than half of all rural households already had tap water connections.
  4. It was announced by the Prime Minister from the ramparts of the Red Fort.
  • A. 1, 2 and 4
  • B. 2 and 3
  • C. 1 and 3 only
  • D. 1, 2, 3 and 4

Q2. Which one of the following programmes was subsumed in its entirety by the Jal Jeevan Mission as the principal pre-existing rural drinking water programme at the time of JJM's launch?

  • A. National Rural Drinking Water Programme
  • B. Accelerated Rural Water Supply Programme
  • C. Swajaldhara
  • D. Atal Bhujal Yojana

Q3. Under JJM 2.0, the Union Cabinet approved the largest-ever total outlay for the mission. What is this revised total outlay?

  • A. Rs. 8.69 lakh crore
  • B. Rs. 3.59 lakh crore
  • C. Rs. 2.08 lakh crore
  • D. Rs. 1.51 lakh crore

Q4. In the JJM 2.0 approval, the figure of Rs. 3.59 lakh crore precisely denotes which one of the following?

  • A. The total central assistance for the mission
  • B. The total combined Centre-plus-State outlay of the mission
  • C. Only the additional central commitment made over the 2019-20 baseline
  • D. The share contributed exclusively by the States and UTs

Q5. Under the 'Sujalam Bharat' digital framework of JJM 2.0, approximately how many unique Sujal Gaon (Service Area) IDs have been generated for villages?

  • A. About 1.77 lakh
  • B. About 1.13 lakh
  • C. About 19.36 crore
  • D. About 15.76 crore

Q6. With reference to the institutional and governance architecture of the Jal Jeevan Mission, consider the following statements: 1. The Village Water and Sanitation Committee (Pani Samiti) is envisaged as the local body responsible for operation and maintenance of in-village water supply. 2. Water supply is a State subject falling under Entry 17 of the State List of the Seventh Schedule. 3. JJM 2.0 makes the release of central funds to States unconditional, removing the earlier performance and compliance linkages. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. The Village Water and Sanitation Committee (Pani Samiti) is envisaged as the local body responsible for operation and maintenance of in-village water supply.
  2. Water supply is a State subject falling under Entry 17 of the State List of the Seventh Schedule.
  3. JJM 2.0 makes the release of central funds to States unconditional, removing the earlier performance and compliance linkages.
  • A. 1 and 2 only
  • B. 2 and 3 only
  • C. 1 only
  • D. 1, 2 and 3

Q7. Under the Jal Jeevan Mission, a village is certified as 'Har Ghar Jal' on the basis of a resolution passed by which one of the following bodies?

  • A. The Gram Sabha
  • B. The Village Water and Sanitation Committee (Pani Samiti)
  • C. The District Water and Sanitation Mission
  • D. The State Water and Sanitation Mission

Q8. With reference to the Functional Household Tap Connection (FHTC) target under JJM 2.0 as compared with the original mission, consider the following statements: 1. JJM 2.0 aims to provide a Functional Household Tap Connection to all 19.36 crore rural households. 2. 'Har Ghar Jal' certification of a village requires that public institutions such as schools and anganwadi centres also receive tap water. 3. Like the original mission, JJM 2.0 retains 2024 as its completion deadline. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. JJM 2.0 aims to provide a Functional Household Tap Connection to all 19.36 crore rural households.
  2. 'Har Ghar Jal' certification of a village requires that public institutions such as schools and anganwadi centres also receive tap water.
  3. Like the original mission, JJM 2.0 retains 2024 as its completion deadline.
  • A. 1 and 2 only
  • B. 1 and 3 only
  • C. 2 and 3 only
  • D. 1, 2 and 3

Q9. With reference to the structural reforms distinguishing JJM 2.0 from the original mission, consider the following statements: 1. JJM 2.0 pivots the mission's focus from infrastructure creation towards outcome-based service delivery. 2. Release of central funds under JJM 2.0 is linked to States signing reform-linked MoUs and meeting compliance conditions. 3. Under the 'Sujalam Bharat' framework, a unique Service Area ID is assigned to each district. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. JJM 2.0 pivots the mission's focus from infrastructure creation towards outcome-based service delivery.
  2. Release of central funds under JJM 2.0 is linked to States signing reform-linked MoUs and meeting compliance conditions.
  3. Under the 'Sujalam Bharat' framework, a unique Service Area ID is assigned to each district.
  • A. 1 and 2 only
  • B. 2 and 3 only
  • C. 1 and 3 only
  • D. 1, 2 and 3

Q10. At the level of the Union Government, the Jal Jeevan Mission is operationalised by which one of the following?

  • A. Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation, Ministry of Jal Shakti
  • B. Department of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation, Ministry of Jal Shakti
  • C. Ministry of Rural Development
  • D. Central Ground Water Board

Q11. The Jal Jeevan Mission is most directly aligned with the achievement of which one of the following Sustainable Development Goals?

  • A. SDG 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation)
  • B. SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-being)
  • C. SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities)
  • D. SDG 2 (Zero Hunger)

Q12. As on 15 December 2025, which one of the following best represents the highest level of rural household tap-water coverage achieved under the Jal Jeevan Mission (out of 19.36 crore rural households)?

  • A. About 15.76 crore households (about 81.42%)
  • B. About 15.44 crore households (about 79.74%)
  • C. About 14.24 crore households (about 73.93%)
  • D. About 3.23 crore households (about 16.71%)