UPSC Prelims Practice Questions — India’s Resilient Production Systems in Agriculture

Q1. The Final Estimates of production of major agricultural crops (including the record 2024-25 foodgrain figure) are officially released by which one of the following?

  • A. National Statistical Office under the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation
  • B. Department of Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare, Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare
  • C. Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices
  • D. NITI Aayog

Q2. In the official 2024-25 production data, the term 'Shree Anna' refers to which one of the following?

  • A. High-yielding hybrid wheat varieties
  • B. Millets (nutri/coarse cereals such as jowar, bajra and ragi)
  • C. The basket of pulses including chickpea and moong
  • D. Fortified rice distributed under the public distribution system

Q3. With reference to PM-KISAN and the related farmer-welfare architecture, consider the following statements: 1. PM-KISAN provides ₹6,000 per year released in three equal instalments through Direct Benefit Transfer. 2. PM Kisan Maandhan Yojana provides an old-age pension to enrolled cultivators. 3. PM-KISAN is implemented by the Department of Rural Development. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. PM-KISAN provides ₹6,000 per year released in three equal instalments through Direct Benefit Transfer.
  2. PM Kisan Maandhan Yojana provides an old-age pension to enrolled cultivators.
  3. PM-KISAN is implemented by the Department of Rural Development.
  • A. 1 only
  • B. 1 and 2 only
  • C. 2 and 3 only
  • D. 1, 2 and 3

Q4. Under the Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana, what is the maximum insurance premium share (as a percentage of sum insured) payable by a farmer for Rabi food and oilseed crops?

  • A. 1.5%
  • B. 2%
  • C. 5%
  • D. 50%

Q5. Under PMFBY, the balance of the actuarial/bidded premium (after deducting the farmer's share) for most states is shared between the Centre and the State in which one of the following ratios?

  • A. 50:50
  • B. 60:40
  • C. 75:25
  • D. 90:10

Q6. Which one of the following is the single largest item in India's APEDA agricultural export basket?

  • A. Basmati rice
  • B. Non-basmati rice
  • C. Marine products
  • D. Spices

Q7. In the context of India's agri-export basket, the figure '20.4% in FY25' refers to the share of which one of the following?

  • A. Processed food products in total agricultural and allied exports
  • B. Basmati rice in total cereal exports
  • C. Marine products in total agricultural exports
  • D. Organic produce in total horticultural exports

Q8. Which one of the following institutions was recognised as the 'Global Centre of Excellence on Millets' during the International Year of Millets, 2023?

  • A. ICAR-Indian Institute of Millets Research (IIMR), Hyderabad
  • B. ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad
  • C. ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal
  • D. ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi

Q9. In the Union Budget 2026-27, the allocation of about ₹1,30,561 crore was made to which one of the following?

  • A. Department of Rural Development
  • B. Department of Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare
  • C. Department of Food and Public Distribution
  • D. Department of Agricultural Research and Education

Q10. With reference to the Minimum Support Price (MSP) framework, consider the following statements: 1. MSP is fixed for 22 mandated crops on the recommendation of the Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices. 2. CACP reckons the A2+FL cost as the basis for return, while C2 is used as a benchmark reference cost. 3. The '1.5 times the cost of production' principle announced from 2018-19 is computed over the C2 cost. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. MSP is fixed for 22 mandated crops on the recommendation of the Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices.
  2. CACP reckons the A2+FL cost as the basis for return, while C2 is used as a benchmark reference cost.
  3. The '1.5 times the cost of production' principle announced from 2018-19 is computed over the C2 cost.
  • A. 1 only
  • B. 1 and 2 only
  • C. 2 and 3 only
  • D. 1, 2 and 3

Q11. Which one of the following best describes the Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture (MIDH)?

  • A. A centrally sponsored scheme for the holistic growth of the horticulture sector launched in 2014-15
  • B. A central sector crop-insurance scheme for fruit and vegetable growers
  • C. A scheme exclusively for creating cold-chain and food-processing infrastructure
  • D. A minimum-support-price programme for horticultural produce