UPSC Prelims Practice Questions — I4C and RBIH Sign MoU to Strengthen AI-Driven Detection of Mule Accounts and Cyber Financial Frauds
Q1. Which one of the following is the nodal central agency under the Ministry of Home Affairs for coordinated action against all types of cybercrime in India?
- A. National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB)
- B. Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre (I4C)
- C. Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In)
- D. National Critical Information Infrastructure Protection Centre (NCIIPC)
Q2. The Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre (I4C) scheme functions under which one of the following divisions of the Ministry of Home Affairs?
- A. Internal Security Division
- B. Police-I Division
- C. Cyber and Information Security (CIS) Division
- D. Centre-State Division
Q3. With reference to the Reserve Bank Innovation Hub (RBIH), consider the following statements:
1. It is registered as a Section 8 company under the Companies Act, 2013.
2. Its establishment was announced in the RBI Monetary Policy of August 2020.
3. It is headquartered in Bengaluru.
4. It is a statutory body created by an Act of Parliament.
Which of the statements given above are correctly identified?
- It is registered as a Section 8 company under the Companies Act, 2013.
- Its establishment was announced in the RBI Monetary Policy of August 2020.
- It is headquartered in Bengaluru.
- It is a statutory body created by an Act of Parliament.
- A. 1, 2 and 3
- B. 2 and 4 only
- C. 1 and 3 only
- D. 1, 2, 3 and 4
Q4. With reference to the Reserve Bank Innovation Hub (RBIH) as distinguished from the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), consider the following statements:
1. Unlike the RBI, which is a statutory body, the RBIH is constituted as a Section 8 company under the Companies Act, 2013.
2. Unlike the RBI, which is headquartered in Mumbai, the RBIH is headquartered in Bengaluru.
3. Unlike the RBI, which was established under the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934, the RBIH was established under the Banking Regulation Act, 1949.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
- Unlike the RBI, which is a statutory body, the RBIH is constituted as a Section 8 company under the Companies Act, 2013.
- Unlike the RBI, which is headquartered in Mumbai, the RBIH is headquartered in Bengaluru.
- Unlike the RBI, which was established under the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934, the RBIH was established under the Banking Regulation Act, 1949.
- A. 1 and 2 only
- B. 2 and 3 only
- C. 1 and 3 only
- D. 1, 2 and 3
Q5. Which one of the following organisations launched 'MuleHunter.AI™', the AI/ML-based tool unveiled in December 2024 for real-time detection of mule bank accounts used in cyber financial frauds?
- A. Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre (I4C)
- B. Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In)
- C. National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI)
- D. Reserve Bank Innovation Hub (RBIH)
Q6. The Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre (I4C), which signed an MoU with the Reserve Bank Innovation Hub in May 2026, is operationalised under which one of the following?
- A. Cyber & Information Security Division, Ministry of Home Affairs
- B. Indian Computer Emergency Response Team, Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology
- C. National Critical Information Infrastructure Protection Centre, National Technical Research Organisation
- D. Department of Financial Services, Ministry of Finance
Q7. With reference to the May 2026 MoU between the Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre (I4C) and the Reserve Bank Innovation Hub (RBIH), consider the following statements:
1. The Suspect Registry is a platform of I4C developed in collaboration with banks and financial institutions.
2. MuleHunter.AI™ is an AI/ML tool developed by the Reserve Bank Innovation Hub.
3. The Reserve Bank Innovation Hub is registered as a Section 8 company under the Companies Act, 2013.
4. The Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre functions under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- The Suspect Registry is a platform of I4C developed in collaboration with banks and financial institutions.
- MuleHunter.AI™ is an AI/ML tool developed by the Reserve Bank Innovation Hub.
- The Reserve Bank Innovation Hub is registered as a Section 8 company under the Companies Act, 2013.
- The Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre functions under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology.
- A. 1 and 2 only
- B. 1, 2 and 3
- C. 3 and 4 only
- D. 1, 2, 3 and 4
Q8. In the context of cyber financial frauds, the term 'money mule' as used by the Reserve Bank of India refers to which one of the following?
- A. A person who transfers or moves illegally acquired money on behalf of someone else through his/her own bank account
- B. A bank employee who knowingly bypasses Know Your Customer norms to onboard high-risk customers
- C. A shell company incorporated solely to receive foreign direct investment in contravention of FEMA
- D. A digital wallet whose Know Your Customer verification has lapsed and which is therefore frozen by the issuer
Q9. In the 2024 alert by the Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre (I4C) on illegal digital payment gateways being run via mule accounts by transnational organised cybercriminals, how many such illegal payment gateways were specifically named?
- A. Two
- B. Three
- C. Four
- D. Six
Q10. Consider the following statements with reference to a company registered under Section 8 of the Companies Act, 2013:
1. It must intend to apply its profits, if any, in promoting its objects.
2. It is prohibited from paying any dividend to its members.
3. It is required to add the word 'Limited' or 'Private Limited' to its name.
4. It must be registered exclusively for the promotion of religion or charity, and no other object qualifies.
Which of the statements given above is/are NOT correct?
- It must intend to apply its profits, if any, in promoting its objects.
- It is prohibited from paying any dividend to its members.
- It is required to add the word 'Limited' or 'Private Limited' to its name.
- It must be registered exclusively for the promotion of religion or charity, and no other object qualifies.
- A. 1 and 2 only
- B. 3 and 4 only
- C. 2 and 3 only
- D. 1, 3 and 4
Q11. Under the Companies Act, 2013, a company with charitable objects can be registered as a Section 8 company only upon the grant of a licence by which one of the following authorities?
- A. The Registrar of Companies of the State in which the registered office is to be situated
- B. The Central Government
- C. The National Company Law Tribunal
- D. The Securities and Exchange Board of India
Q12. With reference to the National Cybercrime Reporting Portal (NCRP) and the Cyber Swachhta Kendra, consider the following statements: Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- The NCRP is one of the seven verticals of the Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre (I4C), whereas the Cyber Swachhta Kendra is operated by the Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In).
- Both the NCRP and the Cyber Swachhta Kendra function as components under the Ministry of Home Affairs.
- The Cyber Swachhta Kendra is mandated to detect botnet and malware infections and facilitate their cleaning, while the NCRP is a citizen-facing channel to report cybercrime incidents.
- A. 1 and 2 only
- B. 1 and 3 only
- C. 2 and 3 only
- D. 1, 2 and 3
Q13. The seven verticals of the Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre (I4C), including the National Cybercrime Reporting Portal and the Joint Cybercrime Coordination Teams platform, are operationalised under which one of the following?
- A. Cyber and Information Security Division, Ministry of Home Affairs
- B. Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In), Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology
- C. National Critical Information Infrastructure Protection Centre, under the National Technical Research Organisation
- D. National Cyber Coordination Centre, under the National Security Council Secretariat
Q14. Which one of the following is the umbrella organisation for retail payments and settlement systems in India?
- A. Reserve Bank Innovation Hub (RBIH)
- B. Reserve Bank Information Technology Pvt Ltd (ReBIT)
- C. Institute for Development and Research in Banking Technology (IDRBT)
- D. National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI)