Despite the 6×6×6 strategy under Anaemia Mukt Bharat, India continues to report high anaemia burden as per NFHS-5. Critically examine the structural and implementation gaps and evaluate how the 7×7×7 strategy and T4 Approach under AMB Abhiyaan address them.

Launched in 2018, Anaemia Mukt Bharat (AMB) adopted a life-cycle 6×6×6 strategy [3], yet NFHS-5 (2019–21) still records 57% prevalence in women (15–49) and 67.1% in children [3] — exposing structural and delivery weaknesses the new AMB Abhiyaan seeks to correct.

Structural gaps

• Supply-side bias: overreliance on IFA supplementation, neglecting dietary diversity and food fortification uptake [4].
• Narrow causation: weak coverage of non-nutritional causes — sickle cell, thalassaemia, malaria, fluorosis — in endemic pockets [3].
• Convergence deficit: fragmented action across MoHFW, WCD, Education and FSSAI [3].

Implementation gaps

• Uneven federal performance: only 13 States/UTs showed decline in women's anaemia (NFHS-5 vs NFHS-4) [3].
• Testing shortfalls: inconsistent point-of-care haemoglobinometer use and stock-outs of IFA [4].
• Behaviour-change fatigue: low community ownership limiting last-mile adherence.

AMB Abhiyaan — evaluation

• The 7×7×7 strategy widens beneficiary groups, interventions and institutional mechanisms, embedding technology and community dimensions [1].
• The T4 Approach (Test, Treat, Track, Talk) enables precision, severity-based targeting over blanket dosing [1].
• The Jan Bhagidari campaign shifts to a people-centric model, tackling the ownership gap [1].
• Operational Guidelines released at the 16th CCHFW meeting signal stronger Centre–State convergence [1].

If backed by robust data-tracking and inter-ministerial coordination, these upgrades can move India decisively toward WHO Global Nutrition Targets, converting a supply-driven scheme into a resilient, community-owned public-health movement.