UPSC Prelims Practice Questions — SC sets aside NCLT order for relying on AI-crafted case law

Q1. In Pooja Ramesh Singh v. Jammu & Kashmir Bank, how many judges constituted the Supreme Court Bench that set aside the AI-tainted insolvency order?

• A. One
• B. Two
• C. Three
• D. Five

Q2. With reference to the Supreme Court's ruling in Pooja Ramesh Singh v. J&K Bank, consider the following: 1. The Bench comprised Justices P.S. Narasimha and Alok Aradhe. 2. The corporate debtor in the insolvency matter was Essel Infraprojects. 3. The Section 7 application had been filed by Jammu & Kashmir Bank. 4. The fictitious AI-generated precedents were originally produced by the Supreme Court itself. Which of the above is/are correctly identified?

1. The Bench comprised Justices P.S. Narasimha and Alok Aradhe.
2. The corporate debtor in the insolvency matter was Essel Infraprojects.
3. The Section 7 application had been filed by Jammu & Kashmir Bank.
4. The fictitious AI-generated precedents were originally produced by the Supreme Court itself.

• A. 1, 2 and 3
• B. 1 and 4
• C. 2, 3 and 4
• D. 1 and 3 only

Q3. The National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT) is constituted under which one of the following provisions?

• A. Section 408 of the Companies Act, 2013
• B. Section 410 of the Companies Act, 2013
• C. Section 7 of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016
• D. Section 12 of the Advocates Act, 1961

Q4. Which one of the following most accurately describes the National Company Law Appellate Tribunal (NCLAT)?

• A. A tribunal constituted under Section 410 of the Companies Act, 2013 to hear appeals against orders of the NCLT
• B. The original adjudicating authority for the corporate insolvency resolution process under the IBC
• C. The regulator that oversees insolvency professionals and information utilities
• D. A dedicated bench of the High Court that hears company-law appeals

Q5. In the U.S. case Mata v. Avianca (2023), what monetary sanction was imposed for submitting fake, ChatGPT-generated citations?

• A. US $1,000
• B. US $5,000
• C. US $15,000
• D. US $50,000

Q6. With reference to the U.S. case Mata v. Avianca, consider the following: 1. Steven A. Schwartz was the attorney who used ChatGPT for the research. 2. Peter LoDuca was an attorney associated with the brief. 3. Judge P. Kevin Castel imposed the sanction. 4. The case was decided by the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom. Which of the above is/are NOT correctly identified?

1. Steven A. Schwartz was the attorney who used ChatGPT for the research.
2. Peter LoDuca was an attorney associated with the brief.
3. Judge P. Kevin Castel imposed the sanction.
4. The case was decided by the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom.

• A. 1 only
• B. 2 and 3
• C. 1 and 4
• D. 4 only

Q7. In its judgment, the Supreme Court directed which body to constitute a committee of experts to examine the use of artificial intelligence in adjudication?

• A. The Bar Council of India
• B. The Law Commission of India
• C. NITI Aayog
• D. The Ministry of Law and Justice

Q8. Under which statute is the Bar Council of India established, and under which section is professional misconduct of advocates dealt with?

• A. Advocates Act, 1961 — misconduct under Section 35
• B. Advocates Act, 1961 — misconduct under Section 7
• C. Bar Councils Act, 1926 — misconduct under Section 35
• D. Companies Act, 2013 — misconduct under Section 408

Q9. With reference to the institutional pillars of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016, consider the following: 1. Insolvency Professionals 2. Information Utilities 3. Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India (IBBI) 4. Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) Which of the above is/are correctly identified as pillars of the IBC's institutional infrastructure?

1. Insolvency Professionals
2. Information Utilities
3. Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India (IBBI)
4. Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI)

• A. 1, 2 and 3
• B. 1, 2, 3 and 4
• C. 2 and 4 only
• D. 3 and 4 only

Q10. In describing AI-hallucinated precedents as the 'methyl isocyanate of law', how many descriptive adjectives did the Supreme Court string together to characterise the danger?

• A. Two
• B. Three
• C. Four
• D. Five

Q11. The IndiaAI Mission, which includes a 'Safe & Trusted AI' pillar, was approved by the Union Cabinet in which year and is implemented by which body?

• A. 2024 — Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY)
• B. 2018 — NITI Aayog
• C. 2024 — Ministry of Science and Technology
• D. 2020 — Ministry of Law and Justice

Q12. Which single Article of the Constitution empowers the Supreme Court to grant special leave to appeal against any order of a tribunal such as the NCLAT?

• A. Article 136
• B. Article 32
• C. Article 226
• D. Article 142