UPSC Prelims Practice Questions — New deal

Q1. With reference to the Global Stocktake under the Paris Agreement, consider the following statements: Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. It assesses the collective progress of all Parties towards the Agreement's long-term goals rather than reviewing whether each Party has met its own NDC.
  2. It is carried out by the IPCC, whose assessment report itself serves as the formal outcome of the stocktake.
  3. Its scope extends beyond mitigation to cover adaptation as well as the means of implementation and support.
  • A. 2 and 3 only
  • B. 1 and 3 only
  • C. 1, 2 and 3
  • D. 1 only

Q2. Consider the following statements: Which of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

  1. The outcome of the second Global Stocktake, which begins at COP31, can shape the next round of NDCs, yet it cannot impose a particular emission target on any Party.
  2. The Paris Agreement provides that the stocktake's outcome shall inform Parties in updating and enhancing their actions and support in a nationally determined manner.
  • A. Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II explains Statement-I
  • B. Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, but Statement-II does not explain Statement-I
  • C. Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is incorrect
  • D. Statement-I is incorrect, but Statement-II is correct

Q3. With reference to the climate finance architecture under the Paris Agreement, consider the following statements: Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. A developing country Party that provides climate finance to other developing countries does so voluntarily rather than under a treaty obligation.
  2. The New Collective Quantified Goal adopted at Baku is a collective goal and does not by itself assign a contribution share to any individual developed country.
  3. Finance that developed countries provide under Article 9 is meant to support both mitigation and adaptation in developing countries.
  • A. 1 only
  • B. 1 and 3 only
  • C. 2 and 3 only
  • D. 1, 2 and 3

Q4. Consider the following climate actions that a Pacific island country might take: Which of the above are adaptation measures rather than mitigation measures?

  1. Raising and relocating coastal roads and settlements away from zones exposed to sea-level rise
  2. Replacing diesel generators on outer islands with solar mini-grids
  3. Introducing salt-tolerant crop varieties in areas affected by saline intrusion
  4. Installing early-warning systems for tropical cyclones and storm surges
  • A. 2, 3 and 4 only
  • B. 2 and 4 only
  • C. 1, 3 and 4 only
  • D. 1 and 3 only

Q5. With reference to the Global Goal on Adaptation, consider the following statements: Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. Like the Paris Agreement's mitigation goal, it is expressed as a quantified limit on the rise in global average temperature.
  2. The Belém Adaptation Indicators adopted in 2025 replaced the Global Stocktake as the means of assessing progress on adaptation.
  3. The goal is established by the Paris Agreement itself, while the indicators to track it were adopted later by the Parties.
  • A. 3 only
  • B. 1 and 3 only
  • C. 1 and 2 only
  • D. 2 and 3 only

Q6. Consider the following statements: Which of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

  1. The content of each country's contribution under the Paris Agreement is set by that country itself and not allotted to it by the Conference of the Parties.
  2. The Paris Agreement is a legally binding international treaty.
  • A. Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II explains Statement-I
  • B. Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, but Statement-II does not explain Statement-I
  • C. Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is incorrect
  • D. Statement-I is incorrect, but Statement-II is correct

Q7. With reference to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), whose assessments feed into processes such as the Global Stocktake, consider the following statements: Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. Its reports recommend specific policies that Parties to the UNFCCC are expected to adopt.
  2. It produces its assessments by evaluating already published scientific literature rather than conducting its own research.
  3. It was created under the UNFCCC in 1992 to serve as the Convention's scientific arm.
  • A. 2 only
  • B. 2 and 3 only
  • C. 3 only
  • D. 1 and 2 only

Q8. The long-term goal of the Paris Agreement, against which the second Global Stocktake will assess collective progress, is best described as:

  • A. Capping each Party's warming contribution at 1.5°C above its own chosen baseline year
  • B. Holding atmospheric CO2 below 450 ppm, pursuing efforts to bring it back below 350 ppm
  • C. Holding warming below 2°C above 1990 levels, with a 1.5°C limit binding only for island states
  • D. Holding warming well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels, pursuing efforts to limit it to 1.5°C