UPSC Prelims Practice Questions — The thermal cost of India’s textile surge

Q1. According to the ILO, the 2.2% of total working hours projected to be lost worldwide to heat stress by 2030 (assuming a 1.5°C rise) is equivalent to the loss of approximately how many full-time jobs?

  • A. 34 million
  • B. 80 million
  • C. 167 million
  • D. 231 million

Q2. According to the ILO report 'Working on a warmer planet', which one of the following sectors is projected to be the single worst-affected by heat stress, accounting for the largest share (about 60%) of global working hours lost by 2030?

  • A. Construction
  • B. Manufacturing and textiles
  • C. Agriculture
  • D. Mining and quarrying

Q3. The Union Government's initiative to develop new textile hubs on the lines of Tiruppur and to raise India's textile exports to $100 billion by 2030 is led exclusively by which one of the following?

  • A. Ministry of Commerce and Industry
  • B. Ministry of Textiles
  • C. Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises
  • D. Ministry of Labour and Employment

Q4. With reference to India's major textile clusters, consider the following statements: 1. Tiruppur, in Tamil Nadu, is a principal cluster for cotton knitwear. 2. Ludhiana, in Punjab, has hosiery as its largest industry. 3. Surat, in Gujarat, is known primarily as a man-made (synthetic) textile hub. 4. Tiruppur accounted for nearly 60% of India's woollen exports in FY26. Which of the above is/are NOT correct?

  1. Tiruppur, in Tamil Nadu, is a principal cluster for cotton knitwear.
  2. Ludhiana, in Punjab, has hosiery as its largest industry.
  3. Surat, in Gujarat, is known primarily as a man-made (synthetic) textile hub.
  4. Tiruppur accounted for nearly 60% of India's woollen exports in FY26.
  • A. 1 and 2
  • B. 2 and 3
  • C. 4 only
  • D. 3 and 4

Q5. The Union Government has announced plans to develop how many new textile hubs on the lines of Tiruppur?

  • A. 25
  • B. 50
  • C. 75
  • D. 100

Q6. Consider the following statements comparing India's textile clusters: 1. Tiruppur specialises in cotton knitwear, whereas Ludhiana's largest industry is hosiery. 2. Surat is primarily a man-made (synthetic) fibre hub, unlike Tiruppur which is a cotton-based cluster. 3. Ludhiana lies in Gujarat while Surat lies in Punjab. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. Tiruppur specialises in cotton knitwear, whereas Ludhiana's largest industry is hosiery.
  2. Surat is primarily a man-made (synthetic) fibre hub, unlike Tiruppur which is a cotton-based cluster.
  3. Ludhiana lies in Gujarat while Surat lies in Punjab.
  • A. 1 only
  • B. 1 and 2 only
  • C. 2 and 3 only
  • D. 1, 2 and 3

Q7. In India, the daily heat-wave warning bulletin using a Green–Yellow–Orange–Red colour-code system (as per NDMA guidelines) is issued by which one of the following?

  • A. National Disaster Management Authority
  • B. India Meteorological Department
  • C. National Remote Sensing Centre
  • D. Central Water Commission

Q8. Consider the following statements about heat-stress metrics: 1. The heat index is based on air temperature and humidity, whereas the Wet-Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) additionally accounts for wind speed and radiant heat. 2. WBGT is derived using dry-bulb, wet-bulb and globe temperature readings. 3. WHO recommends that a worker's core body temperature should not exceed 40°C over an 8-hour shift. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. The heat index is based on air temperature and humidity, whereas the Wet-Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) additionally accounts for wind speed and radiant heat.
  2. WBGT is derived using dry-bulb, wet-bulb and globe temperature readings.
  3. WHO recommends that a worker's core body temperature should not exceed 40°C over an 8-hour shift.
  • A. 1 only
  • B. 1 and 2 only
  • C. 2 and 3 only
  • D. 1, 2 and 3

Q9. Which one of the following is the apex body that lays down the policies, plans and guidelines for disaster management, including heat-wave management, in India?

  • A. National Disaster Response Force
  • B. India Meteorological Department
  • C. National Disaster Management Authority
  • D. Ministry of Home Affairs

Q10. Consider the following statements about the IMD/NDMA heat-wave colour-code system: 1. Under the system, Green denotes normal conditions while Red denotes the most severe. 2. The daily heat-wave bulletin uses four colour codes — Green, Yellow, Orange and Red. 3. Orange denotes a more severe condition than Red. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. Under the system, Green denotes normal conditions while Red denotes the most severe.
  2. The daily heat-wave bulletin uses four colour codes — Green, Yellow, Orange and Red.
  3. Orange denotes a more severe condition than Red.
  • A. 1 only
  • B. 1 and 2 only
  • C. 2 and 3 only
  • D. 1, 2 and 3

Q11. The global guidance on workplace heat stress — which holds that labour productivity declines by about 2–3% for every degree above 20°C WBGT — is issued exclusively by which one of the following?

  • A. World Health Organization
  • B. World Meteorological Organization
  • C. United Nations Environment Programme
  • D. International Labour Organization