UPSC Prelims Practice Questions — Climate change reshaping disease patterns, straining health systems: report

Q1. The 2026 report 'Under the Weather: India's Climate-Health Intersections and Pathways to Resilience' was released primarily by which organisation, in association with the ClimateRISE Alliance?

  • A. Dasra
  • B. National Centre for Disease Control
  • C. NITI Aayog
  • D. World Health Organization, India office

Q2. The 'Under the Weather' report characterises climate change as a 'health-risk multiplier'. In this context, the term most precisely means that climate change:

  • A. Amplifies and compounds existing health risks and disease burdens rather than acting as a single new disease
  • B. Is itself formally classified as a notifiable communicable disease
  • C. Only affects non-communicable diseases while leaving infectious diseases unchanged
  • D. Multiplies healthcare spending but has no direct effect on disease patterns

Q3. Under the NPCCHH/SAPCCHH framework, the term 'Climate Sensitive Diseases' (CSDs) is best defined as:

  • A. Illnesses whose incidence or transmission is influenced by climate variables, including heat-related, air-pollution-related, water-borne and vector-borne conditions
  • B. Only vector-borne diseases such as dengue and malaria and no other category
  • C. Diseases that can be completely eliminated solely by reducing greenhouse gas emissions
  • D. Genetic disorders that become more common exclusively in colder climates

Q4. State Action Plans on Climate Change and Human Health (SAPCCHH) are typically structured around thematic health action-plan areas. How many such core thematic areas are commonly identified (heat & health; air pollution & health; extreme weather events; climate-resilient healthcare infrastructure; and vector-borne diseases)?

  • A. Three
  • B. Five
  • C. Seven
  • D. Nine

Q5. Adaptation planning for the spread of vector-borne diseases into new high-altitude regions such as Shimla and the Himalayan foothills is carried out through State Action Plans drawn up under which national programme?

  • A. National Programme on Climate Change and Human Health (NPCCHH)
  • B. National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme, as its sole mandate
  • C. National Solar Mission
  • D. National Rural Livelihoods Mission

Q6. According to recent climate-dengue research, India accounts for approximately what share of the global dengue disease burden?

  • A. About one-tenth
  • B. About one-fifth
  • C. About one-third
  • D. About one-half

Q7. Which mosquito species is the main (primary) vector of dengue fever in India?

  • A. Aedes aegypti
  • B. Aedes albopictus
  • C. Anopheles culicifacies
  • D. Culex quinquefasciatus

Q8. In India, the umbrella programme for prevention and control of dengue and other vector-borne diseases (NVBDCP) is administered by which body?

  • A. National Center for Vector Borne Diseases Control (NCVBDC)
  • B. National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC)
  • C. Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)
  • D. NITI Aayog

Q9. According to the Lancet Countdown 2025 analysis for India, women constitute nearly 60% of the agricultural workforce but own only about what percentage of agricultural land?

  • A. 13%
  • B. 26%
  • C. 38%
  • D. 51%

Q10. India's National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC), released in 2008, originally identified how many core national missions?

  • A. Four
  • B. Six
  • C. Eight
  • D. Ten