UPSC Prelims Practice Questions — fifty years ago January 30, 1976

Q1. The India-U.S. Initiative on Critical and Emerging Technology (iCET), which carries forward the earlier sub-commission model of institutionalised science diplomacy, is steered at its apex level by which of the following?

  • A. The National Security Advisers of the two countries
  • B. The External Affairs/Secretary of State
  • C. The Commerce Secretaries of the two countries
  • D. The Principal Scientific Advisers of the two countries

Q2. Henry Kissinger, who as U.S. Secretary of State agreed with India's Y.B. Chavan that the Indo-U.S. Joint Commission should be insulated from political fluctuations, held the office of Secretary of State during the presidencies of:

  • A. Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford only
  • B. Richard Nixon only
  • C. Gerald Ford and Jimmy Carter
  • D. Lyndon Johnson and Richard Nixon

Q3. Before becoming India's External Affairs Minister in 1974, Y.B. Chavan had earlier held charge of how many of the following three Union ministries — Defence, Home and Finance?

  • A. One
  • B. Two
  • C. Three
  • D. None of the three

Q4. With reference to events bearing on Indo-U.S. relations between 1971 and 1976, consider the following statements. Which of the statements given above is/are NOT correct?

  1. The 1971 India-Pakistan War ended with the surrender of Pakistani forces in East Pakistan and the creation of Bangladesh.
  2. India conducted its first nuclear test, code-named 'Smiling Buddha', at Pokhran in 1974.
  3. India officially described the 1974 Pokhran test as a peaceful nuclear explosion.
  4. The 1971 India-Pakistan War was fought while Morarji Desai was Prime Minister of India.
  • A. 1 and 2 only
  • B. 2 and 3 only
  • C. 3 only
  • D. 4 only

Q5. India's first nuclear test, conducted in May 1974, was code-named:

  • A. Smiling Buddha
  • B. Operation Shakti
  • C. Operation Vijay
  • D. Pokhran-II

Q6. With reference to the India-U.S. technology initiatives announced in February 2025, consider the following statements. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. TRUST stands for 'Transforming Relationship Utilizing Strategic Technology'.
  2. The COMPACT initiative was launched during Prime Minister Modi's visit to Washington in February 2025.
  3. Under TRUST, the two sides launched a recovery and processing initiative for strategic minerals such as lithium and rare earths.
  4. The two leaders set a target of USD 1 trillion in bilateral trade by 2030.
  • A. 1, 2 and 3
  • B. 1 and 4 only
  • C. 2, 3 and 4
  • D. 1, 2, 3 and 4

Q7. The Second Meeting of the Indo-U.S. Sub-Commission on Science and Technology (January 1976) agreed to pursue collaboration across how many broad thematic areas — namely Energy, Agriculture/Food, Environment and Health?

  • A. Two
  • B. Three
  • C. Four
  • D. Five

Q8. In the technology-transfer agenda of the 1976 Indo-U.S. Science and Technology Sub-Commission, 'flat conductor cables' referred to a technology intended primarily for:

  • A. House-wiring
  • B. Undersea telecommunication links
  • C. High-voltage long-distance power transmission
  • D. Railway overhead electrification

Q9. The India-Russia Inter-Governmental Commission on Trade, Economic, Scientific, Technological and Cultural Cooperation (IRIGC-TEC), India's flagship economic-cooperation commission with Russia, is co-chaired from the Indian side by the:

  • A. External Affairs Minister
  • B. Defence Minister
  • C. Finance Minister
  • D. Commerce and Industry Minister

Q10. With reference to India's institutionalised bilateral commission mechanisms with Russia, consider the following statements. Which of the statements given above is/are NOT correct?

  1. The IRIGC-M&MTC (Military & Military-Technical Cooperation) is co-chaired by the Defence Ministers of India and Russia.
  2. The IRIGC framework was set up under an inter-governmental agreement signed in 1992.
  3. A '2+2' Ministerial Dialogue format between India and Russia was added in December 2021.
  4. The IRIGC-TEC is co-chaired from the Russian side by the President of the Russian Federation.
  • A. 1 only
  • B. 4 only
  • C. 3 and 4
  • D. 2 only