UPSC Prelims Practice Questions — NBA Disburses ₹45 Lakh to Red Sanders Farmers, Enabling Dual Income and Promoting Sustainable Use of Red Sanders

Q1. In the context of the Biological Diversity Act, 2002, the term 'Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS)' most precisely refers to which one of the following?

  • A. The fair and equitable sharing, with benefit claimers, of benefits arising from the utilisation of biological resources and associated knowledge
  • B. The sharing of forest revenue between the Centre and the States according to a fixed ratio
  • C. The grant of access to protected areas to local communities for grazing and collection of minor forest produce
  • D. The distribution of afforestation compensation among displaced tribal households

Q2. The Biological Diversity Act, 2002, which provides the statutory basis for the Access and Benefit Sharing mechanism, was enacted to implement how many principal objectives of the Convention on Biological Diversity?

  • A. Two
  • B. Three
  • C. Four
  • D. Five

Q3. The National Biodiversity Authority was established as a statutory body under which one of the following?

  • A. The Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972
  • B. The Biological Diversity Act, 2002
  • C. The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
  • D. The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980

Q4. The statutory authority that disburses Access and Benefit Sharing funds to Red Sanders cultivators operates under which one of the following Union ministries?

  • A. Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare
  • B. Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
  • C. Ministry of AYUSH
  • D. Ministry of Tribal Affairs

Q5. The Nagoya Protocol (2010) was adopted primarily to operationalise which one of the three objectives of the Convention on Biological Diversity?

  • A. Conservation of biological diversity
  • B. Sustainable use of the components of biological diversity
  • C. Fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the utilisation of genetic resources
  • D. Prevention of the transboundary movement of living modified organisms

Q6. The exemption relieving registered AYUSH practitioners from benefit-sharing obligations for their use of biological resources for sustenance and livelihood was introduced through which one of the following?

  • A. The Biological Diversity (Amendment) Act, 2023
  • B. The National Green Tribunal Act, 2010
  • C. The Forest (Conservation) Amendment Act, 2023
  • D. The Wildlife (Protection) Amendment Act, 2022

Q7. The National Biodiversity Authority's release of ₹3.00 crore to Red Sanders cultivators of Andhra Pradesh under the ABS framework was disbursed among how many beneficiaries?

  • A. 18
  • B. 99
  • C. 199
  • D. 220

Q8. Under the Biological Diversity Act, 2002, the principal statutory function of a Biodiversity Management Committee (BMC) is to:

  • A. prepare the People's Biodiversity Register documenting local biological resources and associated traditional knowledge
  • B. exclusively grant all approvals for commercial access to biological resources within the State
  • C. solely determine the terms of equitable benefit sharing for foreign applicants
  • D. act as the only appellate authority over the decisions of State Biodiversity Boards