UPSC Prelims Practice Questions — HIGHLIGHTS: ECONOMIC SURVEY 2025-26

Q1. The Economic Survey 2025-26 pegs India's FY26 real GDP growth at 7.4%. This 7.4% figure is drawn from which one of the following official estimates of national income?

  • A. First Advance Estimates
  • B. Second Advance Estimates
  • C. Provisional Estimates
  • D. Revised Estimates

Q2. The Economic Survey 2025-26 estimates India's FY26 Gross Value Added (GVA) to grow at 7.3%. Gross Value Added is best defined as:

  • A. The value of output produced in the economy minus the value of intermediate goods and services consumed in production
  • B. GDP measured entirely at current market prices, including all indirect taxes and subsidies
  • C. The sum of only the final consumption expenditure of households and government
  • D. Nominal GDP less the total interest payments on public debt

Q3. With reference to the Economic Survey of India, consider the following statements: 1. It is prepared by the Department of Economic Affairs in the Ministry of Finance. 2. It is tabled in Parliament a day before the Union Budget. 3. It was first presented in 1950-51. 4. Since 1964 it has been presented as an integral part of the Union Budget document. Which of the above is/are correctly identified?

  1. It is prepared by the Department of Economic Affairs in the Ministry of Finance.
  2. It is tabled in Parliament a day before the Union Budget.
  3. It was first presented in 1950-51.
  4. Since 1964 it has been presented as an integral part of the Union Budget document.
  • A. 1, 2 and 3
  • B. 2 and 4 only
  • C. 1 and 3 only
  • D. 1, 2, 3 and 4

Q4. The first Economic Survey of India was presented in 1950-51. Approximately how many years separate that first Survey from the Economic Survey 2025-26?

  • A. 75 years
  • B. 60 years
  • C. 85 years
  • D. 50 years

Q5. The Economic Survey 2025-26 reports the Gross NPA ratio of scheduled commercial banks at a multi-decadal low of 2.2%. This figure pertains to which point in time?

  • A. September 2025
  • B. March 2025
  • C. December 2025
  • D. June 2025

Q6. With reference to the banking and external indicators reported in the Economic Survey 2025-26, consider the following statements: 1. Net NPA of scheduled commercial banks fell to a record low of 0.5%. 2. Year-on-year outstanding credit growth of scheduled commercial banks rose to 14.5% by December 2025, up from 11.2% a year earlier. 3. Gross NPA reached a multi-decadal low of 2.2%. 4. The current account deficit narrowed to 0.5% of GDP in Q2 FY26. Which of the above is/are correctly identified?

  1. Net NPA of scheduled commercial banks fell to a record low of 0.5%.
  2. Year-on-year outstanding credit growth of scheduled commercial banks rose to 14.5% by December 2025, up from 11.2% a year earlier.
  3. Gross NPA reached a multi-decadal low of 2.2%.
  4. The current account deficit narrowed to 0.5% of GDP in Q2 FY26.
  • A. 1, 2 and 3
  • B. 1 and 2 only
  • C. 2, 3 and 4
  • D. 1, 3 and 4

Q7. The Economic Survey 2025-26 notes that PMJDY accounts reached 55.02 crore. The Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana is best described as:

  • A. A national financial inclusion mission providing universal access to basic banking accounts, especially for the unbanked
  • B. A scheme providing collateral-free micro-credit exclusively to street vendors
  • C. A direct income-support scheme transferring a fixed sum only to landless farmers
  • D. A pension scheme guaranteeing a fixed monthly payout to all unorganised-sector workers

Q8. Which ministry/department is the nodal authority for implementing the Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY), highlighted in the Economic Survey 2025-26?

  • A. Department of Financial Services, Ministry of Finance
  • B. Department of Economic Affairs, Ministry of Finance
  • C. Department of Expenditure, Ministry of Finance
  • D. Ministry of Rural Development

Q9. The Economic Survey 2025-26 notes that unique investors in India's securities markets crossed 12 crore. Which one of the following is the statutory regulator of these securities markets?

  • A. Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI)
  • B. Reserve Bank of India (RBI)
  • C. Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI)
  • D. Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA)

Q10. According to the Economic Survey 2025-26, the rise in the Centre's revenue receipts to 9.2% of GDP in FY25 (PA) was driven primarily by higher collections from which one of the following?

  • A. Non-corporate (largely personal income) taxes
  • B. Corporation tax
  • C. Goods and Services Tax compensation cess
  • D. Non-tax revenue from dividends and profits

Q11. With reference to the growth drivers and external sector in the Economic Survey 2025-26, consider the following statements: 1. FY26 growth is powered by a 'double engine' of consumption and investment, with Gross Fixed Capital Formation growing 7.8%. 2. Private Final Consumption Expenditure reached 61.5% of GDP in FY26, its highest share since 2012. 3. India's services exports (USD 387.6 billion) exceeded its remittance inflows (USD 135.4 billion) in FY25. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. FY26 growth is powered by a 'double engine' of consumption and investment, with Gross Fixed Capital Formation growing 7.8%.
  2. Private Final Consumption Expenditure reached 61.5% of GDP in FY26, its highest share since 2012.
  3. India's services exports (USD 387.6 billion) exceeded its remittance inflows (USD 135.4 billion) in FY25.
  • A. 1 and 2 only
  • B. 2 and 3 only
  • C. 1 and 3 only
  • D. 1, 2 and 3

Q12. The Economic Survey 2025-26 upgrades FY26 growth to 7.4% (First Advance Estimate), against the 6.3-6.8% projected by the 2024-25 Survey. The First Advance Estimates of national income underlying such figures are released by which one of the following?

  • A. National Statistics Office (NSO), Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation
  • B. Department of Economic Affairs, Ministry of Finance
  • C. Reserve Bank of India
  • D. NITI Aayog