UPSC Prelims Practice Questions — India and Nepal sign MoU to strengthen cooperation in Forests, Wildlife, Environment, Biodiversity Conservation and Climate Change
Q1. At the signing of the India–Nepal MoU on forests, wildlife, environment, biodiversity conservation and climate change in New Delhi on 25 February 2026, how many Union/Cabinet Ministers — one representing each government — were present?
Q2. Which one of the following is the lead nodal ministry on the Indian side that signed the 2026 MoU with Nepal on forests, wildlife, biodiversity and climate change?
- A. Ministry of External Affairs
- B. Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
- C. Ministry of Jal Shakti
- D. Ministry of Tribal Affairs
Q3. Approximately how many years elapsed between the Union Cabinet's approval of the proposal for the India–Nepal biodiversity MoU and the actual signing of the MoU?
- A. About 1.5 years
- B. About 3.5 years
- C. About 5.5 years
- D. About 7.5 years
Q4. The proposal for the India–Nepal MoU on biodiversity conservation was cleared by the Union Cabinet, chaired by the Prime Minister, in which year?
- A. 2020
- B. 2022
- C. 2024
- D. 2026
Q5. In India, the legal protection of the tiger and other flagship species named in the India–Nepal MoU is derived principally from which one of the following statutes?
- A. The Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972
- B. The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980
- C. The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
- D. The Biological Diversity Act, 2002
Q6. The Indian portion of the Terai Arc Landscape, a key India–Nepal transboundary conservation area, extends across how many Indian States?
Q7. Consider the following statements comparing two India–Nepal transboundary conservation landscapes:
1. The Terai Arc Landscape is a low-lying landscape shared between India and Nepal.
2. The Kailash Sacred Landscape is a transboundary landscape shared by India, Nepal and China.
3. The Kailash Sacred Landscape lies in the Terai plains straddling the open India–Nepal border.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- The Terai Arc Landscape is a low-lying landscape shared between India and Nepal.
- The Kailash Sacred Landscape is a transboundary landscape shared by India, Nepal and China.
- The Kailash Sacred Landscape lies in the Terai plains straddling the open India–Nepal border.
- A. 1 and 2 only
- B. 1 and 3 only
- C. 2 and 3 only
- D. 1, 2 and 3
Q8. With reference to the 1st Sagarmatha Sambaad (2025), consider the following statements:
1. It was hosted by the Government of Nepal.
2. It was held in Kathmandu.
3. Its theme was 'Climate Change, Mountains and the Future of Humanity'.
4. India's five-point call for global action on mountain ecosystems was delivered by Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
Which of the above is/are NOT correct?
- It was hosted by the Government of Nepal.
- It was held in Kathmandu.
- Its theme was 'Climate Change, Mountains and the Future of Humanity'.
- India's five-point call for global action on mountain ecosystems was delivered by Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
- A. 1 only
- B. 2 and 3
- C. 4 only
- D. 3 and 4
Q9. Consider the following statements about the Sagarmatha Sambaad:
1. It is a global dialogue forum established by the Government of Nepal.
2. Its first edition was held in 2025.
3. India was represented at the opening ceremony of its first edition by its Environment Minister.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- It is a global dialogue forum established by the Government of Nepal.
- Its first edition was held in 2025.
- India was represented at the opening ceremony of its first edition by its Environment Minister.
- A. 1 only
- B. 1 and 2 only
- C. 2 and 3 only
- D. 1, 2 and 3
Q10. The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change is the nodal ministry for implementing which one of the following Acts, under which the National Biodiversity Authority was established?
- A. The Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972
- B. The Biological Diversity Act, 2002
- C. The National Green Tribunal Act, 2010
- D. The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
Q11. India signed a Protocol for the conservation of the Royal Bengal Tiger of the Sundarban with a neighbouring country. The Sundarban mangrove ecosystem, covered by this protocol, is shared between how many countries?