UPSC Prelims Practice Questions — Reform‑Linked MoUs signed with Uttarakhand, Karnataka and Tripura under Jal Jeevan Mission 2.0

Q1. Jal Jeevan Mission 2.0, which extends the mission to December 2028 with an enhanced outlay, was approved by which authority?

  • A. The Union Cabinet, in March 2026
  • B. The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs, in 2024
  • C. The Governing Council of NITI Aayog, in 2025
  • D. The National Water Mission under the Ministry of Jal Shakti, in 2026

Q2. Which department is responsible for operationalising the Jal Jeevan Mission (both 1.0 and 2.0) at the Union level?

  • A. Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation, Ministry of Jal Shakti
  • B. Department of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation, Ministry of Jal Shakti
  • C. Department of Rural Development, Ministry of Rural Development
  • D. Department of Land Resources, Ministry of Rural Development

Q3. With reference to the Reform-Linked MoUs under JJM 2.0 as compared with JJM 1.0, consider the following statements: 1. The MoUs tie central assistance to structural reforms such as water tariff setting and asset registers, whereas JJM 1.0 focused primarily on infrastructure creation. 2. The Reform-Linked MoUs were signed with every State and Union Territory simultaneously on a single date in 2026. 3. Under JJM 2.0 the role of State Public Health Engineering Departments shifts from asset builders towards regulators/facilitators of service delivery. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. The MoUs tie central assistance to structural reforms such as water tariff setting and asset registers, whereas JJM 1.0 focused primarily on infrastructure creation.
  2. The Reform-Linked MoUs were signed with every State and Union Territory simultaneously on a single date in 2026.
  3. Under JJM 2.0 the role of State Public Health Engineering Departments shifts from asset builders towards regulators/facilitators of service delivery.
  • A. 1 only
  • B. 1 and 3 only
  • C. 2 and 3 only
  • D. 1, 2 and 3

Q4. The Reform-Linked MoUs operationalising JJM 2.0 in Uttarakhand, Karnataka and Tripura were signed between the respective State Governments and which Union entity?

  • A. The Ministry of Jal Shakti (Union Government)
  • B. The Department of Expenditure, Ministry of Finance
  • C. NITI Aayog
  • D. The Ministry of Panchayati Raj

Q5. Among the three States that signed Reform-Linked MoUs under JJM 2.0 on 29 April 2026, which one reported the highest functional household tap connection (FHTC) coverage?

  • A. Uttarakhand (about 98%)
  • B. Karnataka (about 87%)
  • C. Tripura (about 86%)
  • D. All three had reached 100% saturation

Q6. When the Jal Jeevan Mission was launched in August 2019 with the aim of providing tap connections to every rural household, what was the coverage baseline at that time?

  • A. About 3.23 crore rural households (roughly 17%)
  • B. Exactly zero — no rural household had any tap connection
  • C. About 8.5 crore rural households (roughly 45%)
  • D. About 15.80 crore rural households (roughly 81.6%)

Q7. The Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation, the nodal agency for the Jal Jeevan Mission, functions under which Union Ministry constituted in 2019?

  • A. Ministry of Jal Shakti
  • B. Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs
  • C. Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
  • D. Ministry of Rural Development

Q8. Under the Jal Jeevan Mission's community-led governance model, how many members typically constitute a Village Water and Sanitation Committee (VWSC)/Paani Samiti?

  • A. 10 to 15 members
  • B. Exactly 5 members in every village, without exception
  • C. 25 to 30 members
  • D. 50 members

Q9. Sustainable Development Goal 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation), to which the Jal Jeevan Mission is aligned, comprises how many targets in total?

  • A. 8
  • B. 6
  • C. 3
  • D. 17

Q10. With reference to the Centre-State fund-sharing pattern under the Jal Jeevan Mission, consider the following statements: 1. For Uttarakhand, a Himalayan State, the Centre-State ratio is 90:10. 2. For Tripura, a North-Eastern State, the ratio is 50:50, identical to that applied to Karnataka. 3. For all States without exception, the Centre bears 100% of the JJM cost. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. For Uttarakhand, a Himalayan State, the Centre-State ratio is 90:10.
  2. For Tripura, a North-Eastern State, the ratio is 50:50, identical to that applied to Karnataka.
  3. For all States without exception, the Centre bears 100% of the JJM cost.
  • A. 1 only
  • B. 1 and 2 only
  • C. 2 and 3 only
  • D. 1, 2 and 3

Q11. The Operational Guidelines of JJM 2.0 were released digitally in 2026 on which occasion?

  • A. World Water Day (22 March 2026), at the culmination of Jal Mahotsav 2026
  • B. International Women's Day (8 March 2026), at the launch of Jal Mahotsav 2026
  • C. At the Union Cabinet meeting of 10 March 2026
  • D. At the Reform-Linked MoU signing of 29 April 2026