UPSC Prelims Practice Questions — Reform Linked MoUs signed with Mizoram and Ladakh under Jal Jeevan Mission 2.0

Q1. In the context of the 'Sujalam Bharat' framework operationalised through the Reform-Linked MoUs under Jal Jeevan Mission 2.0, what does the term 'Sujal Gaon / Service Area ID' precisely refer to?

• A. A unique identifier assigned to every village for end-to-end digital mapping of its drinking water supply system, from source to tap.
• B. A geo-tagged identifier issued to every Functional Household Tap Connection (FHTC) for individual household water-tariff billing.
• C. A unique registration number allotted to each Village Water and Sanitation Committee for receiving direct benefit transfers from the Union Government.
• D. A water-quality certification code issued to villages that achieve 100% piped water coverage and zero contamination in NABL-tested samples.

Q2. With reference to the restructured Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM) 2.0 approved by the Union Cabinet, consider the following statements: Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1. The total outlay approved under JJM 2.0 is Rs. 8.69 lakh crore.
2. The central share has been enhanced to Rs. 3.59 lakh crore from Rs. 2.08 lakh crore approved in 2019-20.
3. JJM 2.0 entirely replaces infrastructure creation with service delivery, prohibiting any further creation of new water supply assets under the mission.
4. The mission targets provision of tap water connections to all 19.36 crore rural households by December 2028.

• A. 1 and 2 only
• B. 1, 2 and 4
• C. 2, 3 and 4
• D. 1, 3 and 4

Q3. In the context of Jal Jeevan Mission 2.0, the term 'Reform-Linked MoU' refers to which one of the following?

• A. An agreement between the Union Ministry of Jal Shakti and a State/UT making release of central funds conditional on the State's compliance with prescribed structural reforms in rural drinking water governance
• B. A bilateral pact between two riparian States to share interstate river waters notified under the Inter-State River Water Disputes Act
• C. A memorandum signed between the Department of Drinking Water & Sanitation and multilateral lenders such as the World Bank for concessional financing of rural piped water schemes
• D. A binding agreement between a Gram Panchayat and the Village Water & Sanitation Committee delineating operation and maintenance responsibilities for in-village water assets

Q4. Which one of the following is the nodal implementing agency of the Jal Jeevan Mission at the Union level?

• A. Department of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation, Ministry of Jal Shakti
• B. Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation, Ministry of Jal Shakti
• C. Department of Rural Development, Ministry of Rural Development
• D. Department of Land Resources, Ministry of Rural Development

Q5. In the context of the Jal Jeevan Mission, the term 'Functional Household Tap Connection' (FHTC) refers to:

• A. A tap connection installed within the premises of every rural household, delivering potable water of prescribed quality in adequate quantity (at least 55 litres per capita per day) on a regular basis
• B. Any household-level tap connection installed under a State rural water-supply scheme, irrespective of quantity or quality of water actually delivered
• C. A community stand-post tap shared by rural households within a habitation, certified by the Gram Panchayat as 'functional'
• D. A metered piped water connection provided to rural households below the poverty line at a subsidised tariff, with quality testing done annually

Q6. The Jal Jeevan Mission, under which the Centre-State fund-sharing ratio is fixed at 90:10 for the North-Eastern and Himalayan States and 100% for Union Territories without legislature, was launched in which year?

• A. 2014
• B. 2015
• C. 2019
• D. 2024

Q7. Which of the following is the nodal implementing authority for the Jal Jeevan Mission, which prescribes a 100% central funding share for Union Territories without legislature and a 90:10 share for North-Eastern and Himalayan States?

• A. Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation, Ministry of Jal Shakti
• B. Department of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation, Ministry of Jal Shakti
• C. Department of Rural Development, Ministry of Rural Development
• D. Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs

Q8. With reference to the Village Water and Sanitation Committee (VWSC)/Pani Samiti under the Jal Jeevan Mission, consider the following statements: Which of the statements given above is NOT correct?

1. It is constituted as a sub-committee of the Gram Panchayat in the spirit of the 73rd Constitutional Amendment.
2. At least 50 per cent of its members must be women, with proportional representation also given to Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.
3. It is constituted as an autonomous statutory body independent of the Gram Panchayat under the 74th Constitutional Amendment.
4. It is entrusted with the operation and maintenance of in-village water supply infrastructure, including local water sources.

• A. 1 only
• B. 3 only
• C. 2 and 4 only
• D. 1, 2 and 4 only

Q9. With reference to the institutional architecture of the Jal Jeevan Mission, consider the following statements: Which of the statements given above are correct?

1. The Village Water and Sanitation Committee (VWSC) functions as a sub-committee of the Gram Panchayat and acts as a legal entity in the spirit of the 73rd Constitutional Amendment.
2. At least 50 per cent of the members of the VWSC/Pani Samiti are required to be women.
3. The VWSC may be headed by the Sarpanch, Up-Sarpanch or a Gram Panchayat member as the Gram Sabha may decide.
4. 'Drinking water' is listed as a subject in the Twelfth Schedule of the Constitution, which devolves the function to Gram Panchayats.

• A. 1, 2 and 3 only
• B. 1 and 4 only
• C. 2, 3 and 4 only
• D. 1, 2, 3 and 4

Q10. Which one of the following is the only Union Territory of India that has no Legislative Assembly but has two elected Autonomous Hill Development Councils functioning as local self-government bodies?

• A. Lakshadweep
• B. Andaman and Nicobar Islands
• C. Ladakh
• D. Chandigarh

Q11. The administration of the Union Territory of Ladakh at the Union level is operationally handled by which one of the following?

• A. Department of Border Management, Ministry of Home Affairs
• B. Department of Jammu, Kashmir and Ladakh Affairs, Ministry of Home Affairs
• C. Ministry of Development of North Eastern Region
• D. Inter-State Council Secretariat, Ministry of Home Affairs

Q12. With reference to the Atal Bhujal Yojana, which one of the following is the nodal department at the Union level for its implementation?

• A. Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation, Ministry of Jal Shakti
• B. Department of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation, Ministry of Jal Shakti
• C. Department of Land Resources, Ministry of Rural Development
• D. Department of Rural Development, Ministry of Rural Development

Q13. Consider the following statements regarding India's water-governance architecture supporting SDG-6: 1. The Atal Bhujal Yojana is a Central Sector Scheme implemented by the Department of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation. 2. The Swachh Bharat Mission (Grameen) is implemented by the Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation under the Ministry of Jal Shakti. 3. The National Water Mission is one of the missions under the National Action Plan on Climate Change. 4. NITI Aayog is the nodal central agency for implementing the Jal Jeevan Mission. Which of the statements given above are correct?

1. The Atal Bhujal Yojana is a Central Sector Scheme implemented by the Department of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation.
2. The Swachh Bharat Mission (Grameen) is implemented by the Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation under the Ministry of Jal Shakti.
3. The National Water Mission is one of the missions under the National Action Plan on Climate Change.
4. NITI Aayog is the nodal central agency for implementing the Jal Jeevan Mission.

• A. 1 and 2 only
• B. 1, 2 and 3
• C. 2, 3 and 4
• D. 1, 3 and 4

Q14. In the context of the Jal Jeevan Mission 2.0, the term 'Functional Household Tap Connection (FHTC)' refers to which one of the following?

• A. A piped water connection to a rural household providing potable water of prescribed quality in adequate quantity (at least 55 litres per capita per day) on a regular basis
• B. A community standpost installed within 100 metres of every rural household providing untreated surface water
• C. A rooftop rainwater harvesting structure mandatorily fitted to every rural household receiving central assistance
• D. A metered bulk water connection provided to a Gram Panchayat for onward distribution through tanker services

Q15. The Reform-Linked MoUs signed with States and Union Territories under Jal Jeevan Mission 2.0 are executed on behalf of the Union Government by which one of the following authorities?

• A. Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation under the Ministry of Jal Shakti
• B. Department of Rural Development under the Ministry of Rural Development
• C. Central Ground Water Board under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
• D. National Mission for Clean Ganga under the Ministry of Jal Shakti