UPSC Prelims Practice Questions — Union Health Ministry Launches JANANI Platform to Strengthen Maternal and Child Healthcare at National Summit on Best Practices

Q1. As per the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, across how many distinct service-delivery domains of the continuum of care does the JANANI platform capture key events (from antenatal stage to family planning)?

• A. Five
• B. Six
• C. Seven
• D. Eight

Q2. The JANANI (Journey of Antenatal, Natal and Neonatal Integrated Care) digital platform, launched in May 2026 to maintain longitudinal digital health records of women in the reproductive age group and their children, has been developed and rolled out under the administrative authority of which one of the following?

• A. Ministry of Women and Child Development
• B. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
• C. National Health Authority under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
• D. Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology

Q3. With reference to the JANANI platform launched by the Union Health Ministry in 2026 and its predecessor, the Reproductive and Child Health (RCH) portal, consider the following statements: 1. JANANI is an upgraded version of the RCH portal and, unlike its predecessor, permits beneficiary registration through ABHA identifiers in addition to Aadhaar and mobile number. 2. Unlike the RCH portal, JANANI is designed to be interoperable with national platforms such as U-WIN (immunisation) and POSHAN (nutrition). 3. JANANI replaces the Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission (ABDM) as the nodal framework for issuing ABHA numbers to pregnant women in India. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1. JANANI is an upgraded version of the RCH portal and, unlike its predecessor, permits beneficiary registration through ABHA identifiers in addition to Aadhaar and mobile number.
2. Unlike the RCH portal, JANANI is designed to be interoperable with national platforms such as U-WIN (immunisation) and POSHAN (nutrition).
3. JANANI replaces the Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission (ABDM) as the nodal framework for issuing ABHA numbers to pregnant women in India.

• A. 1 and 2 only
• B. 2 and 3 only
• C. 1 and 3 only
• D. 1, 2 and 3

Q4. Consider the following pairs of maternal & child-health initiatives and their year of launch: 1. Janani Suraksha Yojana — 2005 2. Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram — 2005 3. Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan — 2016 4. Surakshit Matritva Aashwasan (SUMAN) — 2015 Which of the above pairs are NOT correctly matched?

1. Janani Suraksha Yojana — 2005
2. Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram — 2005
3. Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan — 2016
4. Surakshit Matritva Aashwasan (SUMAN) — 2015

• A. 1 and 3 only
• B. 2 and 4 only
• C. 1, 2 and 4
• D. 2, 3 and 4

Q5. With reference to the Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) and the Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK), consider the following statements: 1. While JSY provides conditional cash assistance to promote institutional delivery, JSSK provides cashless entitlements including free delivery, drugs, diagnostics and transport in public health institutions. 2. JSSK, unlike JSY, restricts its delivery-related entitlements exclusively to Below Poverty Line (BPL) pregnant women. 3. Both JSY and JSSK are implemented under the National Health Mission by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1. While JSY provides conditional cash assistance to promote institutional delivery, JSSK provides cashless entitlements including free delivery, drugs, diagnostics and transport in public health institutions.
2. JSSK, unlike JSY, restricts its delivery-related entitlements exclusively to Below Poverty Line (BPL) pregnant women.
3. Both JSY and JSSK are implemented under the National Health Mission by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.

• A. 1 only
• B. 1 and 3 only
• C. 2 and 3 only
• D. 1, 2 and 3

Q6. Which one of the following is the flagship digital platform of the Government of India for case-based tracking and recording of all routine vaccinations administered to pregnant women and children under the Universal Immunization Programme?

• A. eVIN
• B. Co-WIN
• C. U-WIN
• D. JANANI

Q7. The U-WIN digital platform of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare was developed as the case-based tracking and reporting system for which one of the following programmes of the Government of India?

• A. Mission Indradhanush
• B. Universal Immunization Programme
• C. Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan
• D. Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram

Q8. With reference to the targets under Sustainable Development Goal 3 (Good Health and Well-being) to be achieved by 2030, consider the following statements: 1. The global Maternal Mortality Ratio is to be reduced to less than 70 per 100,000 live births. 2. All countries are to aim at reducing Neonatal Mortality Rate to at least as low as 12 per 1,000 live births. 3. All countries are to aim at reducing Under-five Mortality Rate to at least as low as 25 per 1,000 live births. 4. All countries are to aim at reducing Infant Mortality Rate to at least as low as 20 per 1,000 live births. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1. The global Maternal Mortality Ratio is to be reduced to less than 70 per 100,000 live births.
2. All countries are to aim at reducing Neonatal Mortality Rate to at least as low as 12 per 1,000 live births.
3. All countries are to aim at reducing Under-five Mortality Rate to at least as low as 25 per 1,000 live births.
4. All countries are to aim at reducing Infant Mortality Rate to at least as low as 20 per 1,000 live births.

• A. 1, 2 and 3 only
• B. 2 and 3 only
• C. 1, 3 and 4 only
• D. 1, 2, 3 and 4

Q9. Under Sustainable Development Goal Target 3.1, by the year 2030, the global Maternal Mortality Ratio is to be reduced to less than how many maternal deaths per 100,000 live births?

• A. 45
• B. 70
• C. 100
• D. 140

Q10. The 'Framework for Implementation' of the National Health Mission, which articulates the goals, outcomes and strategies of the Mission as an overarching umbrella with NRHM and NUHM as its two sub-missions, was formally approved by which one of the following?

• A. The Union Cabinet in December 2013
• B. The National Development Council in April 2005
• C. The Central Council of Health and Family Welfare in 2012
• D. The Governing Council of NITI Aayog in 2015

Q11. Which one of the following is the nodal implementing agency for the Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission (ABDM)?

• A. Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology
• B. National Health Authority
• C. Indian Council of Medical Research
• D. National Medical Commission

Q12. The Ayushman Bharat Health Account (ABHA) number, the unique health identifier issued under the Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission, consists of how many digits?

• A. 10 digits
• B. 12 digits
• C. 14 digits
• D. 16 digits

Q13. The 10th National Summit on Innovation and Inclusivity – 'Best Practices Shaping India's Health Future', at which the JANANI Platform was launched in 2026, was organised by which one of the following?

• A. Ministry of Women and Child Development
• B. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
• C. NITI Aayog, in collaboration with the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology
• D. National Health Authority, under the Ministry of AYUSH