Social Justice MCQs for UPSC Prelims — January 2026

Q1. With reference to the Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Janaushadhi Pariyojana (PMBJP), which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. Quality generic medicines are sold through dedicated outlets called Jan Aushadhi Kendras.
  2. It seeks to promote the prescription of generic drugs, especially in government hospitals.
  3. As of 2025, the number of Jan Aushadhi Kendras had crossed 17,000.
  4. Purchases at Jan Aushadhi Kendras are open exclusively to holders of a special Jan Aushadhi membership card.
  • A. 1 and 2 only
  • B. 1, 2 and 3
  • C. 3 and 4
  • D. 1, 3 and 4

Q2. With reference to the Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Janaushadhi Pariyojana (PMBJP), which one of the following statements is NOT correct?

  1. It was launched in 2008 and relaunched in 2015.
  2. It is implemented by the Department of Pharmaceuticals under the Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers.
  3. Jan Aushadhi medicines are priced 50%–80% lower than branded equivalents.
  4. Only Below Poverty Line (BPL) cardholders are eligible to buy medicines at Jan Aushadhi Kendras.
  • A. 1 and 2
  • B. 4 only
  • C. 3 and 4
  • D. 2 only

Q3. Which one of the following is the principal integrated Centrally Sponsored Scheme — recognised in the Economic Survey 2025-26 — that covers school education from pre-primary up to senior secondary stage?

  • A. Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan
  • B. Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan
  • C. Samagra Shiksha
  • D. PM SHRI Schools

Q4. In the context of the Economic Survey 2025-26 reporting a secondary-level Net Enrolment Ratio (NER) of 52.2%, what does 'Net Enrolment Ratio' precisely measure?

  • A. Total enrolment in secondary classes expressed as a percentage of the total population of the country
  • B. Enrolment in secondary classes (Grades IX–X) of students belonging to the official secondary school-age group, expressed as a percentage of the population of that age group
  • C. Number of secondary schools per 1,000 population in the relevant catchment area
  • D. Share of students completing Grade X within the prescribed age band, expressed as a percentage of those who entered Grade I

Q5. Which one of the following is the flagship publicly funded health insurance/assurance pillar of Ayushman Bharat (2018) that provides cashless secondary and tertiary care hospitalization cover?

  • A. Ayushman Arogya Mandirs
  • B. Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PM-JAY)
  • C. National Sickle Cell Anaemia Elimination Mission
  • D. Ayushman Vay Vandana Card

Q6. The National Sickle Cell Anaemia Elimination Mission was launched by the Prime Minister from which one of the following places?

  • A. Ranchi, Jharkhand
  • B. Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh
  • C. Shahdol, Madhya Pradesh
  • D. Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh

Q7. Ayushman Arogya Mandirs are created primarily by upgrading which one of the following peripheral-most public health facilities?

  • A. District Hospitals
  • B. Community Health Centres
  • C. Sub Health Centres and Primary Health Centres
  • D. Medical College Hospitals

Q8. In which year were the Ayushman Bharat Health and Wellness Centres officially renamed as 'Ayushman Arogya Mandir'?

  • A. 2018
  • B. 2020
  • C. 2023
  • D. 2024

Q9. As per 2025 updates, following the onboarding of the National Capital Territory of Delhi, AB-PMJAY stands implemented in how many States/Union Territories of India?

  • A. 33
  • B. 34
  • C. 35
  • D. 36

Q10. Consider the following statements about the Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY). Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. PMUY was launched in 2016 to provide deposit-free LPG connections in the name of an adult woman of poor households.
  2. The number of PMUY connections crossed 10 crore by 2025, well above the scheme's initial target.
  3. Under PMUY, beneficiaries receive LPG refills free of cost for the lifetime of the connection.
  • A. 1 and 2 only
  • B. 1 and 3 only
  • C. 2 and 3 only
  • D. 1, 2 and 3

Q11. The adverse child sex ratio (0–6 years) recorded in Census 2011, which prompted the launch of Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao and SSY, was how many girls per 1000 boys?

  • A. 908
  • B. 914
  • C. 918
  • D. 927

Q12. In the context of the Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao campaign that gave rise to SSY, the 'Child Sex Ratio' reported in Census 2011 refers to which one of the following?

  • A. The number of females per 1000 males in the total population
  • B. The number of girls per 1000 boys in the 0–6 years age group
  • C. The number of female births per 1000 male births in a year
  • D. The number of women per 1000 men of reproductive age

Q13. The National Capacity Building Programme for Tribal Healers (2026) is significant as India's first national initiative to do which one of the following?

  • A. Formally recognise and integrate tribal/indigenous healers as partners within the public health system
  • B. Bring all AYUSH practitioners in the country under a single statutory regulator
  • C. Provide free codified Ayurvedic treatment in every tribal-majority district
  • D. Register tribal healers as fully licensed practitioners of allopathic medicine

Q14. ICMR–Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar functions as a permanent research institute under which one of the following bodies?

  • A. The Indian Council of Medical Research
  • B. The Ministry of Tribal Affairs, which alone controls all tribal-health research bodies in India
  • C. The Ministry of AYUSH
  • D. The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research

Q15. The Expert Committee on Tribal Health, which submitted its report in 2018, was jointly constituted by which two Union Ministries?

  • A. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare and Ministry of Tribal Affairs
  • B. Ministry of Tribal Affairs and Ministry of AYUSH
  • C. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare and Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment
  • D. Ministry of Tribal Affairs and Ministry of Home Affairs

Q16. In the context of tribal health policy, the Expert Committee on Tribal Health (associated with Dr. Abhay Bang) was constituted primarily to do which one of the following?

  • A. Undertake the first comprehensive assessment of the health status of India's tribal people and recommend a tribal health-care framework
  • B. Review the policy of reservation for Scheduled Tribes in education and public employment
  • C. Delimit and recommend the notification of new Scheduled Areas under the Fifth Schedule
  • D. Regulate and standardise the practice of AYUSH systems in tribal-majority districts

Q17. With reference to the diseases identified as the initial focus of the Bharat Tribal Health Observatory (B-THO), consider the following: 1. Malaria 2. Leprosy 3. Kala-azar 4. Tuberculosis Which of the above is/are NOT correctly identified as an initial focus disease of the B-THO?

  1. Malaria
  2. Leprosy
  3. Kala-azar
  4. Tuberculosis
  • A. 3 only
  • B. 1 and 3
  • C. 3 and 4
  • D. 2 only

Q18. The disease-elimination and implementation-research efforts of the Bharat Tribal Health Observatory (B-THO) in tribal districts are initially focused on how many diseases?

  • A. Two
  • B. Three
  • C. Four
  • D. Five

Q19. Consider the following statements regarding the institutional arrangement of the National Capacity Building Programme for Tribal Healers (2026): 1. The Ministry of Tribal Affairs is the nodal ministry for the programme. 2. The MoU for the Bharat Tribal Health Observatory was signed with ICMR–RMRC, Bhubaneswar. 3. The MoU for the Bharat Tribal Health Observatory was signed with the National Institute of Research in Tribal Health, Jabalpur. 4. The Ministry of AYUSH is associated as a collaborating partner. Which of the statements given above is/are NOT correct?

  1. The Ministry of Tribal Affairs is the nodal ministry for the programme.
  2. The MoU for the Bharat Tribal Health Observatory was signed with ICMR–RMRC, Bhubaneswar.
  3. The MoU for the Bharat Tribal Health Observatory was signed with the National Institute of Research in Tribal Health, Jabalpur.
  4. The Ministry of AYUSH is associated as a collaborating partner.
  • A. 1 and 2
  • B. 3 only
  • C. 3 and 4
  • D. 2 and 3

Q20. With reference to the National Capacity Building Programme for Tribal Healers (2026), the ICMR–RMRC, Bhubaneswar, which signed an MoU with the Ministry of Tribal Affairs, is best described as which one of the following?

  • A. A Regional Medical Research Centre of the Indian Council of Medical Research acting as the technical and research anchor for the Bharat Tribal Health Observatory
  • B. The only ICMR institute exclusively and solely dedicated to tribal health research in India
  • C. A body under the Ministry of AYUSH set up to regulate the registration of tribal healers
  • D. The apex council recommended by the Expert Committee on Tribal Health to govern tribal health nationally

Q21. With reference to India's National One Health Mission, consider the following statements: 1. Its nodal agency is the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR). 2. It functions under the Office of the Principal Scientific Adviser to the Government of India. 3. The National Institute of One Health, Nagpur, serves as an anchor institution. 4. It is implemented solely by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change. Which of the statements given above is/are NOT correct?

  1. Its nodal agency is the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR).
  2. It functions under the Office of the Principal Scientific Adviser to the Government of India.
  3. The National Institute of One Health, Nagpur, serves as an anchor institution.
  4. It is implemented solely by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change.
  • A. 1 and 2 only
  • B. 3 only
  • C. 4 only
  • D. 2 and 4 only

Q22. National Girl Child Day was first initiated by the Ministry of Women and Child Development in which year?

  • A. 2008
  • B. 2015
  • C. 2001
  • D. 2011

Q23. National Girl Child Day is observed annually in India on which date in the month of January?

  • A. 11th
  • B. 24th
  • C. 8th
  • D. 14th

Q24. The child-marriage prevalence figure of 47.4% for women aged 20-24 married before 18 years is associated with which round of the National Family Health Survey?

  • A. NFHS-3 (2005-06)
  • B. NFHS-4 (2015-16)
  • C. NFHS-5 (2019-21)
  • D. NFHS-2 (1998-99)

Q25. According to NFHS-5 (2019-21), approximately what percentage of women aged 20-24 years were married before attaining 18 years of age?

  • A. 26.8%
  • B. 23.3%
  • C. 47.4%
  • D. 16.0%

Q26. Simone de Beauvoir's The Second Sex is credited with laying the intellectual groundwork for which numbered 'wave' of feminism, the one catalysed by Betty Friedan's The Feminine Mystique (1963)?

  • A. The first wave
  • B. The second wave
  • C. The third wave
  • D. The fourth wave

Q27. At India MedTech Expo 2025, how many breakthrough health technologies did the ICMR license to industry partners under its Medical Innovations–Patent Mitra initiative?

  • A. 7
  • B. 9
  • C. 11
  • D. 17

Q28. With reference to the Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Janaushadhi Pariyojana (PMBJP), consider the following statements. Which of the above is NOT correct?

  1. It was launched in the year 2008.
  2. Its medicines are dispensed through Janaushadhi Kendras.
  3. It functions under the Department of Pharmaceuticals.
  4. It supplies only patented branded formulations.
  • A. 1 only
  • B. 4 only
  • C. 2 and 3
  • D. 1 and 4

Q29. The Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Janaushadhi Pariyojana (PMBJP) is operationalised through which one of the following implementing agencies?

  • A. National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority (NPPA)
  • B. Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation (CDSCO)
  • C. Pharmaceuticals & Medical Devices Bureau of India (PMBI)
  • D. National Health Authority (NHA)

Q30. In the context of India's TB-elimination effort, the term 'Ni-Kshay Mitra' most accurately refers to which one of the following?

  • A. A community health worker designated under NTEP to administer Directly Observed Treatment (DOTS) to notified TB patients
  • B. An individual, NGO, cooperative society, corporate or elected representative who voluntarily adopts TB patients for at least six months to provide nutritional, additional diagnostic and vocational support
  • C. A frontline ASHA worker incentivised under Nikshay to trace household contacts of notified TB patients
  • D. A peer-support counsellor drawn from cured TB patients who mentors newly diagnosed patients during the intensive phase of treatment