Napoleon III
Also called: Louis Napoleon Bonaparte · Topic: The Rise of Nationalism in Europe · NCERT: Beyond NCERT
Meaning
Napoleon III, born Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, was the nephew of Napoleon I. He was elected President of France in 1848, after the February Revolution. In 1851 he seized full power, and in 1852 he made himself emperor. His rule is called the Second Empire. He played an important part in the unification of both Italy and Germany.
Example
In 1859 his France made an alliance with Cavour's Sardinia-Piedmont, and together they defeated Austria. In 1870 he was defeated and captured by Prussia at Sedan, and his empire fell. French troops then left Rome, which they had been guarding for the Pope, and Rome joined united Italy in 1870.
Don't confuse with
- Napoleon I (Napoleon Bonaparte): Napoleon I was the uncle. He ruled France from 1799 to 1815 and gave the Civil Code of 1804. Napoleon III ruled France from 1848 to 1870.
Related concepts
- Otto von Bismarck
- Blood and iron
- Franco-Prussian War
- Unification of Germany
- Kulturkampf
- Paris Commune 1871
- Count Cavour
- Giuseppe Garibaldi
- Expedition of the Thousand
- Unification of Italy