New monarchs
Also called: New monarchy · Topic: Medieval Europe: Feudalism and the Three Orders · NCERT: Class 11, Ch 4 "The Three Orders"
Meaning
The new monarchs were European kings of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries who made royal power stronger. They built standing armies (permanent armies), a permanent bureaucracy and national taxation. They replaced feudal levies, the troops that lords raised, with professional foot-soldiers carrying guns and siege cannons. Nobles could not resist this new power. Their rule marks the shift from feudal Europe to absolutism.
Example
The new monarchs included Louis XI of France, Maximilian of Austria, Henry VII of England and Isabella (Isabelle) and Ferdinand of Spain. Under these rulers, Spain and Portugal also began to expand overseas.
Don't confuse with
- Feudal lords: lords raised private troops and ran their own courts. The new monarchs took over armies, taxes and justice for the crown.