Rajya Vyavahara Kosha
Also called: Rajvyavahar Kosh · Topic: The Marathas · NCERT: Class 8, Ch 3 "The Marathas"
Meaning
The Rajya-Vyavahara-Kosha is a word list (a kind of dictionary) that Shivaji ordered to be made after his coronation in 1674. It gives Sanskrit words to use in place of Persian words in government and diplomacy. It was compiled by the scholar Raghunath Pandit. After it came in, foreign borrowed words in Maratha diplomacy fell sharply. It was part of Shivaji's wider effort to assert his own culture through language.
Example
The work was compiled around c. 1677. Persian titles for offices were replaced by Sanskrit ones. For example, the minister earlier called Dabir became the Sumant. This matches Shivaji's seal, which carried a Sanskrit inscription instead of the usual Persian.
Don't confuse with
- Adnyapatra: this is a 1715 treatise on statecraft by Ramachandrapant Amatya. It gives advice on governing and is not a word list.