Treaty of Amritsar 1846
Topic: Europeans in India and the Rise of Company Rule · NCERT: Beyond NCERT
Meaning
The Treaty of Amritsar of 1846 was a deal between the East India Company and Gulab Singh, the Dogra ruler of Jammu. It came after the First Anglo-Sikh War. The defeated Sikh state could not pay the full war fine, so it had given Kashmir to the Company. Through this treaty, the Company sold Kashmir and nearby hill lands to Gulab Singh.
Example
In March 1846, Gulab Singh paid 75 lakh rupees and accepted British supremacy. In return, he got Kashmir and nearby hill areas. This created the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir under Dogra rule. It remained one of the largest princely states until Independence.
Don't confuse with
- Treaty of Amritsar (1809): this earlier treaty was with Ranjit Singh. It fixed the Sutlej river as a boundary.
- Treaty of Lahore (1846): it ended the First Anglo-Sikh War and took Kashmir from the Sikh state. The Treaty of Amritsar then sold Kashmir to Gulab Singh.
Related concepts
- Divide and rule
- Dastak
- Black Hole of Calcutta
- Siraj-ud-daulah
- Robert Clive
- Battle of Plassey
- Mir Jafar
- Mir Qasim
- Battle of Buxar 1764
- Treaty of Allahabad 1765