Xinhai Revolution 1911
Also called: 1911 Revolution, Xinhai Revolution · Topic: Paths to Modernisation: Japan, China, Korea · NCERT: Class 11, Ch 7 "Paths to Modernisation"
Meaning
The Xinhai Revolution (also called the 1911 Revolution) ended the Manchu Qing empire, which had ruled China since 1644. In its place, it set up a republic under Sun Yat-sen. This ended more than two thousand years of rule by emperors in China. But the new republic was weak. Years of disorder followed, and local military strongmen called warlords took power in many regions.
Example
An army uprising at Wuchang in October 1911 spread quickly across south and central China. Sun Yat-sen became the first leader of the Republic of China, and the last Qing emperor gave up the throne in early 1912.
Don't confuse with
- Communist Revolution (1949): it brought the Communist Party to power and created the People's Republic of China. The 1911 revolution created a republic but did not make communism.
- Meiji Restoration (1868): in Japan it made the emperor stronger. China's 1911 revolution removed the emperor.
Related concepts
- Sun Yat-sen
- Three Principles of the People
- Twenty-One Demands 1915
- May Fourth Movement
- Guomindang
- Chiang Kai-shek