Failure to comply with Union directions
Also called: Article 365 · Topic: Emergency Provisions and President's Rule · NCERT: Beyond NCERT
Meaning
Article 365 deals with a state ignoring directions given by the Union under Articles 256, 257, 353, 360 and others. If a state does not follow them, the President may treat it as a breakdown of constitutional government in that state. This opens the way to President's rule under Article 356. It is the second route to President's rule, apart from the Governor's report.
Example
Suppose a state defies a Supreme Court order in a river-water dispute, as in conflicts over the Cauvery. This is mainly a matter for Article 144 and contempt of court. President's rule would be justified only if there were a real constitutional breakdown, not just a disagreement.
Don't confuse with
- Duty of the Union under Article 355: it places a duty on the Union to protect states and make sure they are governed according to the Constitution. Article 365 is about what happens when a state disobeys the Union.