Sikkim's merger
Also called: Merger of Sikkim · Topic: Regional Aspirations: J&K, Punjab, the North-East and Accommodation · NCERT: Class 12, Ch 7 "Regional Aspirations"
Meaning
Sikkim's merger was its integration into India as the 22nd state in May 1975. Before that, Sikkim was an Indian protectorate: India handled its defence and foreign affairs, while the Chogyal (the king) ran internal affairs. Most people were Nepali, and they saw the Chogyal as protecting a small Lepcha-Bhutia elite. It matters as an example of integration through elections and a vote of the people.
Example
The steps were:
- 1974: the first democratic election was swept by the Sikkim Congress under Kazi Lhendup Dorji, which wanted to join India. The 35th Amendment made Sikkim an associate state.
- April 1975: the assembly asked for full integration, and a quick referendum approved it.
- 16 May 1975: the 36th Amendment made Sikkim a full state and added Art. 371F.
The Chogyal called it foul play, but the merger was popular.
Don't confuse with
- Goa liberation (1961): Goa was freed by army action against Portugal, a colonial power. Sikkim joined through votes.