Classification of manufacturing industries
Topic: Secondary Activities: Manufacturing and Industrial Location · NCERT: Class 12, Ch 5 "Secondary Activities"
Meaning
Manufacturing industries are grouped in four ways (NCERT Fig. 5.1):
- by size: household, small-scale and large-scale. Size depends on capital invested, number of workers and amount of output;
- by inputs or raw materials: agro-based, mineral-based, chemical-based, forest-based and animal-based;
- by output: basic industries, which make raw materials for other industries, and consumer goods industries, which make goods people use directly;
- by ownership: public sector (government), private sector (private investors) and joint sector (both together, or joint-stock companies).
One industry can belong to a class under each of the four bases at the same time.
Example
Tata Steel at Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, is large-scale by size, mineral-based by input, basic by output (its steel feeds other industries) and private-sector by ownership.