Compressed biogas
Also called: CBG, Bio-CNG · Topic: Energy Resources of India: Conventional and Non-conventional · NCERT: Beyond NCERT
Meaning
Compressed biogas (CBG), also called Bio-CNG, is biogas that has been cleaned and then compressed. Biogas comes from rotting farm waste, cattle dung and other waste. Cleaning removes the unwanted gases, leaving mostly methane. The compressed gas can then be sold as fuel for vehicles and industry. It turns waste into fuel and cuts the need for imported gas. It is promoted under the SATAT scheme (2018), which set a target of 5,000 plants (verify current).
Example
A CBG plant can collect crop residue and cattle dung from nearby villages, turn it into gas and sell it as vehicle fuel. Fields in states where crop residue is burnt after harvest are one source. GOBARdhan (2018) separately supports biogas plants in villages.
Don't confuse with
- CNG (compressed natural gas): a fossil fuel taken from gas fields such as Mumbai High and the KG basin and sold through city gas networks. CBG is renewable and made from waste.
- Biogas: the raw gas before cleaning and compressing. It is usually used near the plant for cooking.