Ali brothers
Also called: Mohammad Ali and Shaukat Ali, Muhammad Ali and Shaukat Ali · Topic: The National Movement: Gandhian Era · NCERT: Class 10, Ch 2 "Nationalism in India"; Class 12, Ch 3 "Mahatma Gandhi and the Nationalist Movement"
Meaning
The Ali brothers were Muhammad Ali and Shaukat Ali, two Indian Muslim leaders. They led the Khilafat movement. Its aim was to protect the Khalifa, the Ottoman Sultan of Turkey, whose religious position was in danger after Turkey lost the First World War. The brothers joined hands with Gandhi. Together, the Khilafat and Non-Cooperation movements brought Hindus and Muslims into one struggle against British rule.
Example
The Khilafat Committee was formed in Bombay in March 1919, with the Ali brothers among its leaders. They demanded that the Khalifa keep control of the Muslim holy places. Gandhi linked this demand to non-cooperation. The Congress accepted the joint programme at Nagpur in December 1920.
Don't confuse with
- Maulana Azad: also a Khilafat-era Congress leader, but a different person. Azad stayed with the Congress all his life.
Related concepts
- Hind Swaraj
- Swaraj
- Khilafat movement
- Caliphate
- Jazirat-ul-Arab
- Mustafa Kemal Ataturk
- Calcutta special session 1920
- Nagpur session 1920
- Non-cooperation movement
- Louis Fischer