Mamluk dynasty
Also called: Slave dynasty, Ilbari dynasty · Topic: Turkic Invasions and the Delhi Sultanate · NCERT: Class 8, Ch 2 "Reshaping India's Political Map"
Meaning
The Mamluks were the first of the five dynasties of the Delhi Sultanate. They ruled from 1206 to 1290. They are also called the "Slave dynasty" because several rulers began as mamluks, meaning military slaves bought and trained as soldiers. The textbook dates the start of the Sultanate from Prithviraj Chauhan's defeat in 1192. The dynasty began properly when Qutb-ud-din Aibak, Muhammad Ghuri's general, became ruler after Ghuri died in 1206.
Example
Aibak began the Quwwat-ul-Islam mosque in Delhi. Iltutmish, Razia and Balban were later rulers of this dynasty. Balban made nobles bow down to the floor before him and kiss his feet to show the sultan's power.
Don't confuse with
- Mamluks of Egypt: a different slave-soldier dynasty that ruled Egypt. The two share a name but are separate.
- Khilji dynasty: the second dynasty, which came after the Mamluks in 1290.
Related concepts
- Delhi Sultanate
- Iltutmish
- Turkan-i-Chahalgani
- Sultan Ghari
- Raziya Sultan
- Ghiyasuddin Balban
- Theory of kingship of Balban
- Sijda and paibos
- Sayyid dynasty
- Lodi dynasty