Duty to defend the country
Also called: Article 51A(d) · Topic: Directive Principles and Fundamental Duties · NCERT: Class 11, Ch 2 "Rights in the Indian Constitution"
Meaning
Article 51A(d) is the fundamental duty to defend the country and to do national service when called upon. It was added by the 42nd Amendment, 1976. It falls in the group of duties owed to the nation, together with upholding India's sovereignty, unity and integrity. "When called upon" means the duty arises when the State asks for service, for example in a war or an emergency. It does not create compulsory military service on its own. No court can directly enforce it, and it applies only to citizens.
Example
During a national emergency or a disaster, the State may call citizens to give national service, such as civil defence work or relief work. This duty asks them to respond.
Don't confuse with
- Duty to uphold sovereignty, unity and integrity (Article 51A(c)): this asks citizens to protect India's unity in general. Article 51A(d) is about actively defending the country and serving when asked.
Related concepts
- Fundamental duties
- Swaran Singh Committee
- Duty to abide by the Constitution
- Duty to promote harmony
- Duty to protect the environment
- Scientific temper