Freedom as to religious instruction
Also called: Article 28 · Topic: Fundamental Rights and Constitutional Remedies · NCERT: Class 11, Ch 2 "Rights in the Indian Constitution"
Meaning
Article 28 keeps the State neutral in education. No religious instruction may be given in an institution that is wholly funded by the State. In institutions that the State recognises or aids, religious instruction or worship may happen, but no one can be made to take part without consent. For a minor, a guardian's consent is needed. This protects every student's freedom of belief.
Example
A fully government-run school cannot hold religion classes. A government-aided school run by a religious trust may hold prayers, but it cannot force a student of another faith to attend unless the student or guardian agrees.
Don't confuse with
- Article 30: this lets minorities set up and run their own educational institutions. Article 28 only controls religious instruction inside institutions.
Related concepts
- Freedom of religion
- Freedom of conscience
- Right to propagate religion
- Rev. Stainislaus case
- Anti-conversion laws
- State regulation of religious practice
- Freedom to manage religious affairs
- Religious denomination
- Freedom from taxes for promotion of religion
- Cultural and educational rights