India-Nepal border
Topic: India and her Neighbours · NCERT: Class 7, Ch 2 "India and Her Neighbours"
Meaning
The India-Nepal border is about 1,751 km long and runs along Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal and Sikkim. It is an open border, which means citizens of both countries can cross without a passport or visa. This freedom comes from the 1950 Treaty of Peace and Friendship. The open border helps trade, jobs and family ties, but it also makes smuggling and illegal crossings harder to stop.
Example
The Kalapani-Lipulekh-Limpiyadhura area, about 335 sq km in Pithoragarh district (Uttarakhand), is disputed. India holds it, but Nepal put it on its new map in May 2020. The two countries disagree over which stream is the true source of the Kali river under the Sugauli Treaty (1816).
Don't confuse with
- India-Bhutan border: this border (699 km) is also open, but it touches different states: Sikkim, West Bengal, Assam and Arunachal Pradesh. Uttar Pradesh touches only Nepal.
Related concepts
- India-Nepal Treaty of Peace and Friendship
- Kalapani-Lipulekh-Limpiyadhura
- Mahakali Treaty (1996)
- India-Bhutan relations
- Doklam
- Chumbi Valley
- Siliguri Corridor