Ballia and Tamluk parallel governments
Also called: Tamralipta Jatiya Sarkar, Medinipur parallel government · Topic: The National Movement: Gandhian Era · NCERT: Class 12, Ch 3 "Mahatma Gandhi and the Nationalist Movement"
Meaning
During the Quit India Movement of 1942, people in some areas drove out British officials and set up their own "national" governments. These were called parallel governments because they ran alongside British rule, in its place. Two famous ones were at Ballia in eastern United Provinces and at Tamluk in Medinipur district, Bengal. They showed how deep the 1942 revolt went among ordinary people.
Example
At Ballia, Chittu Pande took control in August 1942, but the British crushed his government within days. The Tamralipta Jatiya Sarkar at Tamluk was formed in December 1942. It ran its own volunteer army, its own courts and relief work until 1944. Earlier, in September 1942, Matangini Hazra had been shot dead at Tamluk while leading a march.
Don't confuse with
- Satara prati sarkar: this parallel government in Maharashtra began in 1943. It lasted the longest, until the 1946 elections. Its seba dals (service groups) and tufan dals (action squads) did its work.
Related concepts
- Provincial elections of 1937
- Congress ministries 1937-39
- Wardha scheme of basic education
- Congress Socialist Party
- Haripura session 1938
- Tripuri crisis 1939
- Forward Bloc
- Second World War
- Lord Linlithgow
- Resignation of Congress ministries